Mineral Review Chapter 13

Bell Work 9/17/2015 Get your comp. book and a white paper from the front table! Glue this paper on page 20 of your comp. book!!!

Today’s Goal: Identify the different properties of minerals. Explain how mineral properties can be used to identify unknown minerals. Describe how to use the Mohs Hardness Scale to determine the hardness of a mineral. SPI 0707.7.1 Chapter 13

1. If a mineral has perfect cleavage, it Breaks easily Breaks along smooth surfaces Scratches smooth surfaces Scratches easily

2. Which of the following is true? Some minerals have no crystal structure Some minerals are liquids Minerals are rarely formed in nature Minerals are always solids

3. Which of the following is one way to tell which of two minerals is harder? The harder mineral will mark a penny. The harder mineral will attract a magnet. The harder mineral will scratch the softer one. The harder mineral cannot be scratched by steel.

4. The color of a mineral when it is ground into a powder is its Fracture Cleavage Luster Streak

5. The best way to tell a pyrite sample from a gold sample of similar size is to compare their Colors Luster Densities Bonds

6. When you say a mineral is “metallic”, you are talking about its Streak Luster Hardness Fracture

7. Quartz, feldspar, and mica are all common Elements Carbonates Oxides Silicates

8. Determining the manner in which a mineral breaks is helpful when Identifying the mineral Making the mineral Changing the mineral’s composition Mining the mineral

9. The two major types of mineral luster are Metallic and nonmetallic Shiny and dull Glossy and metallic Dull and glossy

10. To identify a mineral, scientists may scratch a mineral against a surface. The color of powder left behind is the Element Streak Luster Fluorescence

11. A quartz sample breaks into many irregular pieces 11. A quartz sample breaks into many irregular pieces. This is an example of Fracture Cleavage Density Streak

12. Which mineral is the softest? MOHS Scale of Hardness Talc Gypsum Calcite Fluorite Apatite Feldspar Quartz Topaz Corundum Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 Gypsum Quartz Calcite Talc

13. Which mineral can scratch gypsum but not fluorite? MOHS Scale of Hardness Talc Gypsum Calcite Fluorite Apatite Feldspar Quartz Topaz Corundum Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 Talc Calcite Apatite Gypsum

14. Is topaz harder or softer than a steel file? MOHS Scale of Hardness Talc Gypsum Calcite Fluorite Apatite Feldspar Quartz Topaz Corundum Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 Harder Softer

15. Is Feldspar harder or softer than Topaz? MOHS Scale of Hardness Talc Gypsum Calcite Fluorite Apatite Feldspar Quartz Topaz Corundum Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 Harder Softer

The Mohs Hardness Scale

it could not scratch the Explain why a steel file could not be used to tell the difference between a sample of topaz and a sample of quartz. MOHS Scale of Hardness Talc Gypsum Calcite Fluorite Apatite Feldspar Quartz Topaz Corundum Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 A steel nail is softer than both samples so it could not scratch the samples.

What am I? I’m a solid formed in nature with a definite chemical makeup and crystal structure. Mineral

I’m the way in which light reflects from the surface of a mineral. What am I? I’m the way in which light reflects from the surface of a mineral. Luster

I’m a mineral that contains only one type of element. What am I? I’m a mineral that contains only one type of element. Native Mineral

I’m the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces. What am I? I’m the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces. Cleavage

I’m the tendency of a mineral to break into irregular pieces. What am I? I’m the tendency of a mineral to break into irregular pieces. Fracture

I’m a mineral’s resistance to being scratched. What am I? I’m a mineral’s resistance to being scratched. Hardness