Gender Statistics and affordable sustainable modern energy for all. Annual Gender Statistics Forum, on 14th November 2017 Hotel Africana, Kampala By Peter Opio Director, Business and Industry Statistics Uganda Bureau of Statistics ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org Outline Background Mainstreaming Gender statistics in the NSS Challenges Conclusion ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

Gender Statistics Gender is a new concept. The idea of equality of the sexes has a relatively short history. Gender statistics Refers to the collection and compilation of sex-disaggregated data on various socio-economic phenomena, so as to be useful for the gender analysis, planning and development. Socio-economic phenomenon is Energy

Gender Statistics Sex rather than gender is used for classification of data because the respondent’s sex is easy to identify in censuses and surveys and gender differences can be to a great extent captured through sex differentials. Gender statistics are designed to illuminate the conditions of women as well as men in order to: generate awareness of the present situation, guide policy, mobilize action and monitor progress towards improvement and to reveal the issues that need to be confronted

Energy and Gender -1 Of the sustainable development challenges facing the world today and Uganda, none is more cross-cutting and deeply embedded in our daily lives and livelihoods than energy. Energy is the life blood of our civilization. The well-being of our people and economy and the health of our environment depend on: safe, clean, secure, sustainable and affordable energy.

ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org Energy and Gender - 2 The energy challenge is characterized by its: poverty and environment dimensions. Today some 1.1 billion people lack access to electricity and some 2.9 billion people rely on unsustainable biomass for cooking and heating. (https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/index.php?page=view&type=13&nr=1977&menu=23) ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

Energy Sector in Uganda - 1 The energy sector in Uganda comprises of both: traditional and conventional energy sources that are either locally produced or imported. The most prevalent used energy sources that are locally produced are fuel wood and charcoal. Other energy sources that are in use include: petroleum products, electricity and renewable energy sources. ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

Energy Sector in Uganda - 2 Uganda is predominantly agriculture based, and the use of solid fuels is widespread. Solid fuels include: charcoal, wood, straw, shrubs, grass, agricultural crops, and animal dung. The use of solid fuel in Uganda is almost universal, with 96 percent of households using solid fuel for cooking ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org Sustainable Development Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all The SDG has 3 targets: 7.1: By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services 7.2: By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix 7.3: By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

Sustainable and Modern energy for All by 2030 Modern energy sources include: Hydro – Electricity LPG – Gas Solar Improved cooked stoved – biomass Others - biogas ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

Affordability and sustainability In 2012 ERT report, 15 per cent of the population were established connected to the national grid power supply unit. In 2014 NPHC, 20% of the households had access to electricity. ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

Affordability and Sustainability Efforts have been put in place to enable Ugandans afford clean energy especially in rural areas by Rural Electrification Agency and through SACCOS that provide solar loans through various banks in Uganda. With the current poverty levels in the country at 27 percent (UNHS 2016), affordability and sustainability is still a big challenge among households especially in the rural areas. Disaggregation by Gender perspective is also a challenge ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

MAINSTREAMING GENDER AND ENERGY STATISTICS UBOS conducts surveys that incorporate gender and energy statistics mainly through two ways: Censuses and surveys Stakeholder meetings are usually held to review and incorporate new questions in the data collection instruments. Depending the resource envelop, some indicators can be included in the instrument - Disaggregation ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org Censuses and Surveys UNHS - information on Household main type of fuel used for lighting and cooking by gender; cooking technology UDHS- One of the Characteristics is Energy used for Cooking and Lighting by Gender Population and Housing Censuses Targeted Surveys e.g. Energy for Rural Transformation Survey, 2012 – provides updates on electrification rates – rural/urban ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

Energy used for cooking by sex of household head (UNHS 2016/17) Traditional Energy fuels used for cooking ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

Energy used for Lighting by sex of household head (UNHS 2016/17) Modern Energy sources begin appearing in lighting ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

ENERGY USED FOR COOKING AND LIGHTING ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

ENERGY USED FOR COOKING NPHC 2014 – CHARCOAL Female Headed Households Male Headed Households ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

ENERGY USED FOR COOKING NPHC 2014 – FIREWOOD Male Headed Female Headed ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org Electricity use for lighting among households(NPHC 2014) by Household head Female Headed Male Headed ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

Gas use among households(NPHC 2014) by Household head Female Headed Male Headed ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

CHALLENGES OF GENDER AND ENERGY STATISTICS Gender data is limited and needs further disaggregation by sex Limited data on affordability Limited data on sustainability ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org CONCLUSION There exist established methodologies for compilation of both Gender and Energy statistics but more work needs to be done on engendering energy statistics. The statistics help monitor progress towards improvement and achievement of modern energy as per SDG 7 targets. ubos@ubos.org www.ubos.org

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