And our learning objectives today are….. How and why are enzymes used at home and in industry? How should we present data in a graph? How can we use graphs to predict results? How are enzyme reactions affected by temperature ? What are the villi? How does the structure of the villi help get digested food into our blood?

is………………........ How and why are enzymes used at home and in industry? Glucose syrup fructose syrup Why would anyone want to turn glucose syrup into fructose? C………………........ Starch sugar syrup (used in drinks) Proteins in baby food are pre-digested using p………… Biological washing powders contain p……………….. To break down protein l………………… to break down fat Why would you do this?! These would only work in washes at less than 40oC. Why is this ? And why is it good?

(e.g………………….. or ………………….) How and why are enzymes used at home and in industry? The protease, lipase & carbohydrase used in industry are made by micro-organisms (e.g………………….. or ………………….)

Good things about using enzymes in industry Bad things about using enzymes in industry

Stretch How should we present data in a graph? pH 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 Lexie says; You would have got even “better” results if you had tested the solution every 5 seconds? Why? Stretch pH 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 Time (seconds) <10 140 180 420

Use your graph to predict how long the reaction would take at a pH of 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 Time (seconds) <10 140 180 420 840 Use your graph to predict how long the reaction would take at a pH of a) 7 b) 3 c) 1 d) 11 Time (secs) 2 4 6 8 10 pH

How are enzyme reactions affected by temperature ? The same pattern would happen if you tested the reaction keeping but changed the temperature of the enzyme instead of the pH + + ↔ ↔ Denatured enzyme + +

Activity of enzyme Temperature (oC)

In this question you will be assessed on using good English, organising information clearly, and using specialist terms where appropriate Different parts of the human digestive system help to break down molecules of fat so they can be absorbed into the body. Describe how To gain full marks you should refer to The enzyme and where the enzyme is produced The products of digestion Any other chemicals involved ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

What are the villi? Villi line the small intestine. They increase the surface area for absorbing digested food into the blood ready for transport round the body

The Villi are filled with c………………... Digested food molecules (glucose, fatty a…….., glycerol & a………. Acids) d…………… through the thin epithelial cells of the villi and diffuse into the blood.                                                Food in intestine

2 marks

How does the structure of the villi help get digested food into our blood? The Villi are well adapted for absorbing food into the blood stream because they have….. 1) 2) 3)