The Importance of Land Administration Systems for Sustainable Development Jorge Muñoz Practice Manager Global Land and Geospatial Unit International Workshop Bangkok, Thailand June 2017

Contents The World Bank Group Bank Engagement on Land Issues Land Tenure at center of Global Mega Trends A Typical Land Administration Project Key Lessons 2

1. The World Bank Group Part of the United Nations (UN) System Over 10,000 employees Over 5,000 consultants 120 country offices International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) 1944 International Development Association (IDA) 1960 1956 The Bank’s twin goals: Ending Poverty Boosting Shared Prosperity 1966 1988 Part of the United Nations (UN) System

How the World Bank is organized Six Regional VPs (AFR, EAP, ECA, LCR, MENA, SAR) Country Management Units with Country Director ECA MENA 14 Global Practices & 5 Cross Cutting Solution Areas EAP SAR LCR AFR Technical content of projects Several units led by Practice Managers Corporate Departments Office of the Chief Economist: Research, Development Data ICT Department (GIS expertise)

2. Bank Engagement on Land Issues 1980’s: Focus on titling (first project in Thailand) 1990’s – 2000’s: Increased recognition of the importance of secure tenure rights and land markets Collapse of the Soviet block triggers unprecedented land reforms (in scale and scope) in Eastern Europe and Central Asia Surge of land administration projects in Latin America and East Asia & Pacific

Bank Engagement on Land Issues Largest financier of land administration projects ($1.2 bn in current commitments 59 Land Projects in 1980-2015 26 3 13 2 13 2 + 294 other projects with land components

3. Land Tenure at center of Global Mega Trends WEAK TENURE Demographics Increased inequality Urbanization Strain on public resources Climate Change Increased CO2 emissions Conflict and displacement Fragility

Land Tenure at center of Global Mega Trends STRONG TENURE Better income; social safety nets Demographics Ability to leverage assets Urbanization Forest & water management Climate Change Fragility Resilience

4. A typical land administration project Policy & Legal Reforms Digital Land Administration Systems Mapping/Spatial Data Institutional Development from to

Enabling Technologies… Use of the Cloud 3D/4D visualization Aerial and satellite imagery Modern Land Administration System UAVs (drone) Indoor positioning LiDAR & GPS

5. Key lessons Principle of “Fit-for-Purpose” Development of methodologies, standards, and of Land Information Systems (software and hardware) take time better done by “building modules” learning by doing site-specific No Turn-key approach Ideal: Merge Cadaster with Registry under one entity Second best: full integration of information systems

Key lessons... Institutional capacity buidling is permanent Coordination among entities is extremely challenging Use alternative dispute resolution mechanisms Public dissemination campaigns of peoples’ land rights, field operations, access to information dispute resolution

Key lessons... Area-Systematic surveying (and/or adjudication) is cheaper, progressive, and more sustainable International expertise is helpful, but inevitably requires permanent local knowledge and local field teams Local government involvement is critical from the outset

Thank You