The Manifest Destiny and Expansion Essential Question: What is Manifest Destiny and how did the U.S. expand to the Pacific coast?

Manifest Destiny Definition: Belief that it was America’s God given right to expand Newspaper editor John L. O’Sullivan coined the term

The Oregon Treaty Shared territory with G.B. since 1818 Slogan: Fifty four forty or fight! U.S. and Britain set the border at the 49th parallel in 1846 President James K. Polk

Americans in Texas Mexican gov’t encouraged U.S. immigration In exchange for land Americans must surrender citizenship Mexico became unhappy with U.S. influence Increasing tension Texans declare independence from Mexico on Mar 2 1836 and war breaks out

The Alamo 200 Texans captured a fort in San Antonio Thousands of Mexicans laid siege to the fort for 13 days and nights Killed all defenders However, Texans win Battle of San Jacinto, force Santa Anna to sign a treaty, and gain independence

Alamo Video: http://www.history.com/topics/alamo/videos /deconstructing-history-alamo?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false Remember the Alamo!

War With Mexico Texans vote to join Union Opinion of Americans mixed Texas joins Union in 1845 as a slave state U.S. offered to pay for New Mexico and CA, and confirm Texas boundary Mexico was unwilling to compromise Bloodshed in disputed territory War begins!!

War w/ Mexico cont. U.S. military used an aggressive strategy and headed west Gained control of New Mexico and southern CA Meanwhile, Northern CAs easily overthrow Mexican rule Declare CA to be independent Republic of California U.S. forces overwhelm Mexican forces in U.S. and Mexico

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1. Mexico gives up TX 2. Mexican Cession: U.S. gets land in present day CA, NV, UT, WY, CO, AZ, NM 3. U.S. pays Mexico $15M 4. Later, the Gadsden Purchase Nevada California Colorado Utah Area in red: Mexican Cession Area in orange: Gadsden Purchase Arizona New Mexico

The California Gold Rush Gold found at Sutter’s sawmill Secret got out – arrive from Eu., As, S.A., East C. 80,000 move to CA in 1849 (miners, businessmen) Rise of CA cities 1850 31st State

Westward Migration Americans migrated by the thousands to these new territories Skipped over the Great Plains (for now) 15 miles/day, took months to complete Faced harsh deserts, the Rocky mountains, Natives, disease

The Mormons AKA the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830 The Book of Mormon Persecution and Joseph Smith murdered Brigham Young led a group to New Zion or Salt Lake City, Utah