Chapter 3 – Southern Colonies Lesson 4

What will we learn today? Today we will about life in the Southern Colonies.

Words to Watch For indigo overseer spiritual

Lesson 3 – The Southern Colonies Where? Southern Colonies What? Life on farms and plantations When? 1600-1800

The Southern Colonies

Southern Agriculture The Southern Colonies’ economy was based on farming (agriculture). Tobacco and rice crops made many colonists wealthy, but also resulted in the increase of indentured servants and enslaved Africans.

Crops of the Colonies Virginia & Maryland North Carolina Tobacco North Carolina Small Tobacco farms Pitch: made from pine syrup, sealed ships South Carolina & Georgia Rice: learned how to grow from enslaved Africans Indigo: a plant used to make dark blue dye

Cities There were fewer cities in the Southern Colonies than the New England, or Middle Colonies.

Charles Town Charles Town in South Carolina (later to be Charleston) was the biggest. Center for trade Shipping of crops Diverse population

Plantations Grounds Workers Planter’s Home Horse Stables Workshops Gardens Fields Workers’ houses Workers Usually slaves Field workers Cooks Maids

Tidewater Plantation

Small Farms Most colonists were small farmers often living in the backcountry. Usually family members or one or two servants or slaves lived there Would sometimes have a small amount of crop left to sell

Family Life Plantations Small Farms Little education Educated – learned to read and write Boys learned to run a plantation. Girls learned how to manage a household. Small Farms Little education Children had to learn how to help around the home and farm at an early age.

Slavery First started with indentured servants, then slaves followed By 1750, most slaves were in the Southern Colonies.

Harsh Life Slaves were bought and sold like property. Usually were used as field workers or as a house slave Worked morning until night Very hard work Could be whipped and punished by the overseer Many died at an early age

African American Culture Slaves often bonded together like a family Many relied on the comfort of religion Often would tell stories and sing spirituals- African-American religious folk song Gullah - blend of African and English languages

“Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/singers/sfeature/songs_swing_qt.html

In Summary Most Southern Colonists lived in the backcountry on small farms. Tobacco, rice, and indigo were important crops in the Southern Colonies. The harsh system of slavery expanded as more and more plantations were started.

1. The economy of the Southern Colonies was based on A. agriculture. B. industry. C. rice. D. fishing.

2. Most of the colonists in the Southern Colonies were A. carpenters. B. plantation owners. C. overseers. D. backcountry farmers.

3. Which colonies grew rice and indigo as their main crops? A. Virginia and North Carolina B. South Carolina and Georgia C. Maryland and Virginia D. North Carolina and South Carolina

4. What was one difference between plantations and backcountry farms? A. Backcountry farms had overseers. B. Planters' children learned to read and write from their parents. C. Backcountry farms were huge. D. Farmers' children learned to read and write from their parents.

5. Which sentence about slaves' lives is true? A. Overseers made their lives easier. B. Many slaves lived long lives. C. Many slaves adopted Christianity. D. Private teachers taught them spirituals.

Images http://comsewogue.k12.ny.us/~ssilverman/documents/hall7R/hall7r.htm http://www.navyandmarine.org/ondeck/1776reprisetorndefeat.htm http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/utc/abolitn/abhp.html http://chi.gospelcom.net/GLIMPSEF/Glimpses/glmps089.shtml http://www.sonofthesouth.net/slavery/photographs/plantation-slaves.htm