Multi-vendor interoperability with TETRA TETRA Baltic States Conference Riga October 2005 Risto Toikkanen Board member / TETRA MoU Association 10.10.2005

TETRA interoperability TETRA is the first and so far only digital PMR standard that has created an open and competed multi-vendor market Contents: National and international dimensions Multi-vendor market Process to achieve certified interoperability Achievements until today Conclusions

Interoperability concepts Organisational interoperability Between agencies Between people Regional interoperability Between regions Across national borders Technical interoperability Between equipment “Capability for agencies to communicate with each other” “Capability for peer agencies to communicate across borders” Inter-regional interoperability: “Capability for peer agencies to communicate across borders” Between regions Across national borders New dimension: cross-agency & cross border Hurdles Legislation and/or regulation Politics Operating procedures & practices Information security Radio spectrum Incompatible technologies/equipment Organisational interoperability: “Capability for agencies to communicate with each other” On a daily basis In emergency situations Incompatible equipment Technical interoperability: “Process to ensure that equipment from multiple vendors are compatible” Problem-free operation Wanted functionality In practice it is about protocol conformance Standardisation Standard conformance Verification and certification Competitive environment Customer preferences Backward compatibility “Process to ensure that equipment from multiple vendors are compatible”

Organisational interoperability: solutions Operating procedures Agreements Training Dedicated radio channels Common technical specification Agreed procedures Radio spectrum harmonisation In some form this is a must Technology harmonisation – standards Necessary to gain radio compatibility Shared networks By far the most efficient tool Requires high-tech system to ensure privacy Both operational benefit and cost benefit BEST RESULT

Regional interoperability: solutions 1. Political & organisational readiness 2A. Conventional technical measures Extra equipment like cellphones Extended coverage across border or repeaters Control room interconnect by wireline Radio swap between control rooms e.g. Belgium & France Radio swap between users 2B. Network interconnect TETRA Inter-System Interface (ISI) Three-country pilot Belgium – Germany – The Netherlands Cross-network PMR functionality, first time True cross-agency & cross-border opportunity

Technical IOP: TETRA Interoperability certification “Process to ensure that equipment from multiple vendors are compatible” Problem-free operation Wanted functionality In practice it is about protocol conformance TETRA Interoperability The TETRA Interoperability (IOP) concentrates on technical interoperability certification of multi-vendor TETRA equipment. Successful IOP certification is fundamental in creation of open multi-vendor market. Open multi-vendor market is fundamental for the success of TETRA - and it has happened

Benefits of open multi-vendor market User benefits wide choice of compatible certified terminals specialised product for special needs continuous and genuine competition less dependency - lower risk of market disturbances Industry benefits wider market, bigger volumes more possibility to invest – faster product creation longer lifetime of market TETRA MoU Association runs the IOP certification process to guarantee open multi-vendor market

The certified TETRA interfaces Direct Mode (DMO) air interface - already certified Trunked (voice + data) air interface - already certified T o p l g y F i e E d t L c a V w H M u n 4 3 1 7 9 5 % / N r k f Inter-System Interface (ISI) - coming to certification Peripheral Equipment Interface (PEI) - in TIP specification phase

TETRA IOP Certification process ACCEPTED into OPERATION (Also need CE mark or TA) STANDARDS CERTIFICATE TMO AI group DMO AI group ISI group PEI group MoU MoU Operator/User Association Technical Forum Members’ Enquiry Certification Body ISCTI *) – Rome/Italy approx 12 suppliers TEST PLANS TIP SPECS *) Instituto Superiore delle Comunicazioni e tecnologie dell'Informazione

TETRA IOP achievements (1) TETRA Interoperability Profile (TIP) documents available to members in total 28 TIP specifications published by today TETRA Interoperability Test Plan documents available to members in total 15 Test Plan documents published See list of documents in the handout material

TETRA IOP achievements (2) Certification test sessions arranged at manufacturer’s premises to run the test cases specified in the Test Plans TETRA IOP Certificates are public documents and published at the TETRA MoU website 69 certificates published in 2004 16 certificates published during 1Q 2005, 7 during 2Q Most customers today require their equipment supplier to provide IOP certificates on the features they purchase

TETRA IOP achievements (3) Tested products from: Cleartone DeTeWe/FWK Frequentis IFR (tester) Marconi/OTE Motorola Niros Nokia/EADS Rohde & Schwarz Rohill Simoco/Sepura Teltronic Thales Certificates at: www.tetramou.com TETRA IOP certification results 7 companies have received TETRA infrastructure certificates 9 companies have received TETRA terminal certificates in trunked mode 6 companies have received TETRA DMO certificates THE AMOUNT OF CERTIFICATES VARIES BETWEEN COMPANIES – AND IS GROWING - see status lists in handout package

Speed of innovation Only open competition can boost this amount of Who else can do this – TETRA already does: Which other PMR technology delivers handsets with integral GPS receiver today? Which other PMR technology delivers handsets with 65 000 colour display today? Which other PMR technology delivers handsets with web & WAP browsers today? Quick questionnaire in TETRA seminar in Oslo March 2005 revealed close to 30 new TETRA terminal models being launched during the last 3 years Only open competition can boost this amount of product innovations and R&D investment

Conclusions New dimensions of cooperation: Between agencies: shared network best tool Across borders: Common European standard TETRA created multi-vendor market for PMR: True Interoperability is reality Today in air interfaces (trunked & DMO) Tomorrow in network interfaces (ISI) Customers benefit in Price competition Wide selection of equipment to choose TETRA demonstrates fastest product development in PMR business

TETRA IOP certification status Available TIP specifications and IOP test plans Published TETRA IOP certificates System Manufacturers Terminal Manufacturers Status as per August 2005 31.8.2005/RTo

TTR 001 – Air Interface TIP Specifications IOP Test plans part 1: Core v.4.8 yes part 2: Short Data Service yes part 3: Dynamic Group Number Assignment yes part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated & mutual) yes/SwMI init. part 5: Packet Data (single slot & multislot) new past resol 8.9. part 6: Air Interface migration phase 1 + 2 yes part 7: Fleet Specific Short Number Dialling yes part 8: RF loop back no part 9: Ambience Listening yes part 10: E-t-e encryption w Clear Voice Override yes part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) yes TTR = TETRA MoU Technical Report, ME = Members’ Enquiry part 12: Service Interaction yes part 13: AI enable/disable no part 14: TETRA Key Distribution no part 15: Call Authorised by Dispatcher passed resol part 16: Air to Ground (new v.2.0) no part 17: Radio User Assignment no part 18: Circuit Mode Data Call (passed ME) no

TTR 002 – Direct Mode Operation TIP Specifications IOP Test plans DMO TIP v.2 part 1: core Group call with pre-emption and change over Individual call Status messaging Intrinsic services Random access Transition DM->TM->DM yes Part 2: DMO gateway yes (new) TTR = TETRA MoU Technical Report, ME = Members’ Enquiry Part 3: DMO repeater yes (new) Part 4: DMO e-t-e encryption yes (new) Part 5: DMO AI security (passed ME) no

TTR 003 – Inter-System-Interface Part 2: Individual call – including simplex/duplex and TPI Part 3: Short Data Service (status and text message) Part 4: Lower layers Part 5-1: Circuit Mode transmission (voice frame format) Part 5-2: Packet Mode transmission (voice frame format) Part 6: Group call Part 1: Mobility management – including authentication passed ME passed resol no TIP Specifications IOP Test plans TTR = TETRA MoU Technical Report, ME = Members’ Enquiry

System certification Air interface Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic part 2: Short Data Service part 3: Dynamic Group Number Assignment part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 1: Core yes Air interface - Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic R&S Bick Frequentis Rohill System certification part 6: Air Interface Migration yes - - - - - - part 7: Fleet Specific Short Number Dialling yes - - - - - - part 9: Ambience Listening yes yes - - - - - part 10: E-t-e encryption w Clear Voice Override yes - yes - - - - part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) yes yes yes - yes - yes part 12: Service Interaction yes - - - - - -

Terminal certification Cleartone Motorola Teltronic Nokia Sepura DeTeWe Thales OTE Niros Air interface part 1: Core yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 2: Short Data Service yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 3: Dynamic Group Number Assignment yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - - part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - part 5: Packet Data (single slot) yes yes yes yes yes yes - - - part 6: Air Interface Migration yes - - - - - - - - part 7: Fleet Specific Short Number Dialling yes yes - yes - - - - - part 9: Ambience Listening yes yes - yes - - - yes - part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO - yes yes yes - - - yes - part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - part 12: Service Interaction yes yes - yes - yes - - -

Terminal certification Direct Mode Operation Motorola Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Nokia Teltronic Thales OTE Niros part 1: Core v. 2 yes yes yes yes yes yes - - -

Nokia system & IOP terminals Nokia TETRA System Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros Air interface part 1: Core yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 2: SDS yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - yes yes part 3: DGNA yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - - - part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - part 5: Packet Data (single slot) yes yes yes yes yes yes - - - - part 6: Air Interface Migration yes yes - - - - - - - - part 7: FSSN yes yes - - yes - yes - - - part 9: Ambience Listening yes yes yes - yes - - - yes - part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO yes - yes yes - - - - yes - part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - yes - part 12: Service Interaction yes yes yes - yes - yes - - -

Motorola system & IOP terminals Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros Dimetra IP Air interface part 1: Core (v. 3) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 2: SDS yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - - yes part 3: DGNA yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - - - part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - part 5: Packet Data (single slot) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - - - part 6: Air Interface Migration - part 7: FSSN - part 9: Ambience Listening yes yes yes - yes - - - - - part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO - part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - part 12: Service Interaction -

OTE system & IOP terminals Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros Elettra Air interface part 1: Core (v. 3) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 2: SDS yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 3: DGNA yes yes yes yes yes yes yes - part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 5: Packet Data (single slot) - part 6: Air Interface Migration - part 7: FSSN - part 9: Ambience Listening - part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO yes - - yes - - - - part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 12: Service Interaction -

Rohill system & IOP terminals TETRANode Motorola Cleartone DeTeWe Teltronic Nokia Sepura Thales OTE Niros Air interface part 1: Core (v. 3) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 2: SDS yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 3: DGNA yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 5: Packet Data (single slot) yes yes yes - yes yes - part 6: Air Interface Migration - part 7: FSSN - part 9: Ambience Listening - part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO - part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 12: Service Interaction -

Teltronic system & IOP terminals Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros Nebula Air interface part 1: Core (v. 3) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 2: SDS yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 3: DGNA - part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) yes yes yes yes yes yes - part 5: Packet Data (single slot) yes yes yes - yes - - part 6: Air Interface Migration - part 7: FSSN - part 9: Ambience Listening - part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO - part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) - part 12: Service Interaction -

Frequentis system & IOP terminals Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros Dimetra Compact Air interface part 1: Core (v. 3) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 2: SDS yes yes yes yes yes yes - yes part 3: DGNA - part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) - part 5: Packet Data (single slot) yes yes yes - yes - - - part 6: Air Interface Migration - part 7: FSSN - part 9: Ambience Listening - part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO - part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) - part 12: Service Interaction -

Rhode&Schwarz Bick system & IOP terminals Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros Accessnet-T Air interface part 1: Core (v. 3) yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 2: SDS yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes part 3: DGNA yes yes yes yes yes - yes yes part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) yes yes yes yes yes - yes yes part 5: Packet Data (single slot) - part 6: Air Interface Migration - part 7: FSSN - part 9: Ambience Listening - part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO - part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) yes yes yes yes yes - yes - part 12: Service Interaction -