DO NOW "Spanish civilization crushed the Indian; English civilization scorned and neglected him; French civilization embraced and cherished him.” - Historian Frances Parkman Restate Parkman’s historical interpretation in your own words. (aka: what do you think he is he saying?) Briefly EXPLAIN one piece of evidence that could be used to support any part of Parkman’s interpretation. Briefly EXPLAIN one piece of evidence that could be used to refute any part of Parkman’s interpretation.

17th Century, Division of America Colonial life 17th Century, Division of America

Southern colonies Virginia became the largest colony. Tobacco Indentured servants – forced labor (no pay) in exchange for passage to America. Headright system – granted anyone who paid for a passage of another 50 acres of land. Aristocratic society.

Bacon’s rebellion, causes Indentured servants mistreated. Low-paying jobs, no land. Indian attacks.

Rebellion! Nathaniel Bacon – led thousands of indentured servants and poor against the Virginia governor. Burned Jamestown. Only ended when Bacon died of disease. Indentured servants now longer trusted…

Slave trade By 1670, only 7% of plantation labor was slave. Too expensive Wages began to rise in the 1680s, Bacon’s Rebellion... Royal African Company lost monopoly. Black codes – all blacks (and their children) were property for life.

Southern society Controlled by wealthy planters. Few cities, little industry. Poor infrastructure.

New england colonies Small towns & cities Industry – fishing, lumber, etc. No slavery

Salem witch trials Growing populations. Puritan Church began to lose authority. 1692 – 20 hung for being witches.

New england society Democratic Family-centered Church & town halls Public education… Emerging cities.

Bacon’s Rebellion was triggered by New and heavy taxes in the backcountry. Land shortages and Indian policies. A severe depression in the 17th century. Government mismanagement. A slave uprising led by Nathaniel Bacon.

Slave codes had all of the following qualities EXCEPT that The codes differentiated slaves from servants along racial lines. They made all slaves the property of their white owners for life. They made it illegal to teach a slave to read or write. There were no provisions allowing for slaves to be freed. Conversion to Christianity would result in immediate freedom.

All of the following statements about the witchcraft hysteria and trials in Salem in the 1690s are true EXCEPT that They started when a group of teenage girls claimed that older women in town had cast spells on them. Property-owning women were often the targets. Those accused of witchcraft were never exonerated. The witchcraft hysteria was driven by growing social and religious tension. Twenty people and two dogs were executed as witches.

Which of the following geographic features most contributed to New England settlers’ seeking new land in the West? Cold climate Large forests Access to waterways Sterile, rocky soil Stony coastlines

What was NOT a difference between southern and New England society? Southerners depended on African slaves, while the New England climate made slave owning impractical. The expansion of settlements in the Chesapeake region was random, but New England society grew in an orderly fashion. Southern life revolved around the plantation; life in New England revolved around the church and the community. Southerners emphasized farming over all other pursuits, while New Englanders viewed education as essential. Southerners’ devotion to religion decreased over time, while New Englanders remained devout throughout the colonial period.