Fibers are fine,long pieces of natural or synthetic material Fibers are fine,long pieces of natural or synthetic material.They are used for making threads,yarns,and cloth. Fibers used for making textiles are natural or synthetic. Natural fibers are from nature while the synthetic fibers are made by mixing other substances. Natural fibers are made from animals,plants and minerals.

Animals and plants Animals for making fibers are : Silk worm Angora rabbit Cashemere goats Pashmina goats Alpaca Llama Sheep lamb Plants for making cloths : Cotton linen Synthetic textiles are made from petroleum and other chemicals. *There are other animals that can be used but the process is very expensive.

ANCIENT MACHINE FOR MAKING THREAD

ANCIENT TEXTILE PRODUCTION

WOOL

Wool is the first fiber that man transformed in threads and cloths to make clothe. The wool is taken from lamb,sheep,llama ,alpaca,goats,rabbits and others. These animals grow in cold places and the colder the place the more fur they produce. This is cut once a year after winter. Warm Fibers not stable- shrinks Burns easily Elastic Durability Doesn’t get dirty easily Wool is used in quilts,coats, sweaters,gloves,hats,scarves since it is an extremely warm cloth.

Alpaca- Ecuador

SILK

SILK Silk is produced by a worm. The first ones to cultivate the silk worm were the Chinese. There are two types of silk: the natural silk and the cultivated silk. The worms of each type of silk are feed with different types of plants. shiny soft elastic doesn’t shrink burns easily changes color when ironed Silk is used in handkerchiefs , shirts,ribbons and dresses.The most common silk cloths are crepe,chiffon,tafetan,georgette and organdi.

COTTON

COTTON extremely resistant can be washed easily can be ironed at high temperatures. too much wash , too much sun can fade its color. wrinkles easily

DIFFERENT COTTON CLOTHS FROM COTTON MANY CLOTHS ARE MADE .THESE ARE SOME OF THEM. DACRON T-SHIRT JEAN DANRIVER TOWEL FLANNEL TROPICAL

LINEN

LINEN This plant fiber is obtained from the stems of the linen plant .The stem is straight and measures 3 feet high. linen is one of the oldest textiles. Some pieces of linen have been found in Egyptian mummies. It is resistent to high temperature and it can wrinkle very fast.It is very absorbent. Mostly used in suits,dresses and table cloth.

SYNTHETIC FABRICS

RAYON Its prime material is wood pulp. It is a semi- synthetic textile. It’s similar to silk. resistant to wear and sun easily affected by acids burns easily lustruous Absorbent soft Rayon is used in dresses and shirts. It is also used in cloths of domestic use. Has medical and surgical uses.

NYLON: It is made up of resines mixed with carbon ,air and water. resistent doesn’t have absorbency. can’t resist any heat when ironed. excellent durability bleach doesn’t affect its color. Used in shirts, dresses, panty hoses, women’s interior clothe,and in furniture.

LYCRA : It is an elastic fiber not absorbent durability resists bleach and sun dries very fast Used in swimming suits, sportcloth, socks and interior cloths.

POLIESTER THIS SYNTHETIC FABRIC IS MADE FROM PETROLEUM. it never wrinkles has electric statics dries very fast lots of durability very resistent burns very fast USED IN CURTAINS ,BED CLOTH ,SHIRTS,PANTS,AND DRESSES.

FLAMMABLE CLOTHS All these synthetic cloths mentioned previously are flammable. Flammable means that these are textiles that can burn easily. Most of them are wrinkle free especially poliester.But if they need to be ironed it should be done in very low temperatures and carefully. That’s why firefighters or firemen uniforms are made of a special cloth resistant to fire .Though they are made from synthetic cloths they have some other chemicals that make them resist fire to some extent. Theaters ,audutoriums, and other places that gather large crowds have curtains made from cloths that do not burn easily. It is done this way in case a fire occurs.

DURABILITY When we talk about durability it’s about something lasting for a long time. The majority of cloths have durability especially when good care is given to it. Most of them do not fade their color even when they are exposed frequently to the sun. . Time passes by and they keep the same shape even when they are washed several times. This always happens with the synthetic cloths like poliester lycra,nylon, and rayon

RUBRIC Cloth Album 10pts. Front page 5 pages : 1 page with 6 samples of cotton 2 pages with 4 samples of natural cloths 2 pages with 6 samples of synthetic clothes Include names of each. Use ruler and cut nicely. Content 8 pts Neatness cutting and writing straight 2 pts.

  Cooking Lab: 10 pts. Bringing cap and apron: 3 pts. Bringing materials : 3 pts. Following instructions : 4 pts.