BAC EQUATION REVIEW

DUI: driving under the influence DWI: driving while intoxicated OUI: operating (boat, tractor…) under the influence OWI: operating (boat, tractor…) while intoxicated MIP: minor in possession DUI or DWI? AZ DUI

Rate of Absorption Depends on: amount of alcohol consumed Chapter 8 Rate of Absorption Depends on: amount of alcohol consumed the alcohol content of the beverage time taken to consume it quantity and type of food present in the stomach physiology of the consumer Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company Kendall/Hunt

BAC Blood Alcohol Content Chapter 8 BAC Blood Alcohol Content Expressed as percent weight per volume of blood Legal limits in all states is 0.08% Parameters influencing BAC: Body weight Alcoholic content Number of beverages consumed Time between consumption Kendall/Hunt

BAC Burn off rate of 0.015% per hour but can vary: Male Female Chapter 8 BAC Burn off rate of 0.015% per hour but can vary: Male BAC male = 0.071 x (oz) x (% alcohol) body weight Female BAC female = 0.085 x (oz) x (% alcohol) Kendall/Hunt

(Burn off rate of 0.015% per hour) A female college student downed multiple shots for her 21st birthday. Her BAC tested 0.15. she has to go to work in 6 hours. What will her BAC be when she goes to work?

A female college student downed multiple shots for her 21st birthday A female college student downed multiple shots for her 21st birthday. Her BAC tested 0.15. she has to go to work in 6 hours. What will her BAC be when she goes to work? Burn off rate of 0.015% per hour 6 x 0.015 = 0.09 (BAC) 0.15 – 0.09 = .06

A male college student downed multiple shots for his 21st birthday and was arrested for assault on the bartender because she refused to serve him more alcohol. His BAC tested 0.15 three hours later in jail. What was his BAC at the time of the assault? Burn off rate of 0.015% per hour 3 x 0.015 = 0.045 (BAC)0.15 + 0.045 = 0.195!

Range of BAC Effects of alcohol intoxication are influenced by individual variations; some users may become intoxicated at a much lower BAC level than is indicated (below)... 0.02 — 0.03 BAC: No loss of coordination, slight euphoria & loss of shyness. Depressant effects not apparent. Mildly relaxed & maybe a little lightheaded. 0.04 — 0.06 BAC: Feeling of well-being, relaxation, lower inhibitions, sensation of warmth. Euphoria. Some minor impairment of reasoning and memory, lowering of caution. Behavior may become exaggerated and emotions intensified (Good emotions are better, bad emotions are worse)

0.07 — 0.09 BAC: Slight impairment of balance, speech, vision, reaction time, and hearing. Euphoria. Judgment and self-control are reduced, and caution, reason and memory are impaired (in some* states .08 is legally impaired and it is illegal to drive at this level). You will probably believe that you are functioning better than you really are. ( * —As of July, 2004 ALL states had passed .08 BAC Per Se Laws. The final one took effect in August of 2005.) 0.10 — 0.125 BAC: Significant impairment of motor coordination and loss of good judgment. Speech may be slurred; balance, vision, reaction time and hearing will be impaired. Euphoria. It is illegal to operate a motor vehicle at this level of intoxication in all states.

13 — 0. 15 BAC: Gross motor impairment a lack of physical control 0.13 — 0.15 BAC: Gross motor impairment a lack of physical control. Blurred vision & major loss of balance. Euphoria reduced - dysphoria* is beginning to appear. Judgment and perception are severely impaired. ( Dysphoria: Emotional state of anxiety, depression, or unease.) 0.16 — 0.19 BAC: Dysphoria predominates, nausea may appear. The drinker has the appearance of a "sloppy drunk." 0.20 BAC: Feeling dazed/confused or otherwise disoriented. May need help to stand/walk. If you injure yourself you may not feel the pain. Some people have nausea and vomiting at this level. The gag reflex is impaired and you can choke if you do vomit. Blackouts are likely at this level so you may not remember what has happened.

Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company 0.25 BAC: All mental, physical and sensory functions are severely impaired. Increased risk of asphyxiation from choking on vomit and of seriously injuring yourself by falls or other accidents. 0.30 BAC: STUPOR. You have little comprehension of where you are. You may pass out suddenly and be difficult to awaken. 0.35 BAC: Coma is possible. This is the level of surgical anesthesia. 0.40 BAC and up: Onset of coma, and possible death due to respiratory arrest. Source(s): http://www.ou.edu Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company

BAC male = 0.071 x (oz) x (% alcohol) body weight What would be the approximate BAC of a 185 pound man who has consumed three shots (1.5 oz each) of Jack Daniels (80 proof = 40% alcohol) within an hour? Should he drive? What about after an hour? BAC male = 0.071 x ( oz) x ( % ) = ( ) ______________ X Burn off rate of 0.015% per hour but can vary

BAC female = 0.085 x (oz) x (% alcohol) body weight What would be the approximate BAC of a 185-pound female (yes, she is a giant - 6’5” tall) who has consumed three shots (1.5 oz each) of Jack Daniels (80 proof = 40% alcohol) within an hour? BAC female = 0.085 x ( oz) x ( % ) ( ) After an hour: ______________ X 0.015% =

17. What would be the BAC of a 136-pound woman who has consumed three vodka martinis (2 oz each, with the vodka at 80 proof) during her lunch hour? If she forgets the time and talks two more hours with her friend without having another drink, what will her BAC be when she gets back to work? (SHOW ALL YOUR WORK OR NO CREDIT) BAC female = 0.085 x (oz) x (% alcohol) body weight (Burn off rate of 0.015% per hour) (20.4) A. BAC female = 0.085 x (3x2 = 6) x (40%) = ___ 136 lbs B. 0.015 x 2 = 0.03 = A - B = _______

a) 0.15 b) about 0.12 … loses 0.015

(BAC) 0.08 + 0.06 = 0.14 BAC male = 0.071 x (oz) x (% alcohol) 18. A 165-pound man was involved in a car accident at 10 PM. His BAC was measured at the time as 0.08, which he said was impossible because he had only two Buds (pint size, 5 percent alcohol just after work at 6 PM. How many beers did he actually have? (SHOW ALL YOUR WORK OR NO CREDIT) BAC male = 0.071 x (oz) x (% alcohol) body weight (Burn off rate of 0.015% per hour) 4 hours x 0.015 = 0.06 (BAC) 0.08 + 0.06 = 0.14

BAC (0.14)= 0.071 x (?) x (% alcohol) body weight 0.14 = (0.071)(5%)X (165) (165)(0.14) = 0.355X 23.1 = 0.355X  23.1 = 0.355X 0.355 = 65.070423/18 = 3.615 rounds up to 4 beers

He would have had a BAC of 0 He would have had a BAC of 0.07 on leaving the bar if he had drunk only two beers. Four hours elapsed, accounting for 4 0.015%, or 0.06 BAC, which added to 0.08 equals a BAC of 0.14 when he left the bar. This is equivalent to consuming four beers.