Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids:

Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

Periodic Table: Metals – Located on the left side of the stair-step line (they are solids, except Mercury which is liquid) Nonmetals– Located on the right side (solids, liquids, or gases). Metalloids: Located between metals & nonmetals (touching the stair-step line).

Metals (on the left): 1) Solids at room temperature 2) Shiny, can be converted into wires (ductile) & into sheets (malleable). 3) High melting & boiling points. 4) Good conductors of electricity & heat.

Non metals (on the right): 1) Solids, liquids, or gases at room temp. 2) Low melting & boiling points. 3) They are brittle & poor conductors of electricity & heat. Metalloids: They have properties of both metals & non metals.

Electron Config. Symbol Column Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Use the Periodic Table to complete the table: Electron Config. Symbol Column Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 1s2 2s2 2p1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Electron Config. Symbol Column Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 Use the Periodic Table to complete the table: Electron Config. Symbol Column Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 1s2 2s2 2p1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 Use the Periodic Table to complete the table: Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Mg 2A 3 1s2 2s2 2p1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 Use the Periodic Table to complete the table: Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Mg 2A 3 1s2 2s2 2p1 B 3A 2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 Use the Periodic Table to complete the table: Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Mg 2A 3 1s2 2s2 2p1 B 3A 2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 P 5A 3 [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 Use the Periodic Table to complete the table: Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Mg 2A 3 1s2 2s2 2p1 B 3A 2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 P 5A 3 [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 Se 6A 4 [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 Use the Periodic Table to complete the table: Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Mg 2A 3 1s2 2s2 2p1 B 3A 2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 P 5A 3 [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 Se 6A 4 [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 I 7A 5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 Use the Periodic Table to complete the table: Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Mg 2A 3 1s2 2s2 2p1 B 3A 2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 P 5A 3 [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 Se 6A 4 [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 I 7A 5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 Ar 8A 3

Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 Use the Periodic Table to complete the table: Electron Config. Symbol Colum Row 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Na 1A 3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 Mg 2A 3 1s2 2s2 2p1 B 3A 2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 P 5A 3 [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p4 Se 6A 4 [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 I 7A 5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 Ar 8A 3 Groups Periods

Conclusion: Period 3 (Ar) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 Group 8A Outermost energy level = Period. Number of valence electrons = Group

Periodic Table: Periods: Are the horizontal rows on the Periodic Table. All elements in the same period contain the same number of energy levels. The elements increases by one proton & one electron as you go from left to right in a period. Then, the number of valence electrons increases by one across a period.

Periodic Table: Groups-A number = # of valence electrons Ex. Elements in group 1A – contain 1 valence e- Elements in group 3A – contain 3 valence e- Elements in group 7A – contain 7 valence e-

Periodic Table: Groups: Vertical columns (elements in the same group have similar properties). Group 1A: The most reactive metals (Alkali metals). Group 2A : Reactive metals also (Alkaline Earth metals). Group 7A: The most reactive non metals (Halogens). Group 8A: Unreactive, very stables. (Noble gases).

Periodic Table: The Periodic Table is divided into four different blocks: 1) s-block: Its valence electrons occupy only “s” orbitals. Ex. Na 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Ca 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 Because there is only one “s” orbital holding up to a maximum of 2 electrons, this block contains 2 columns or groups. s-block: Group 1A & 2A

Periodic Table: 2) p-block: The outermost electron occupy “p” orbitals. Ex. B-1s2 2s2 2p1 Ar-[Ne] 3s2 3p6 Br-[Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5 3 “p” orbitals (6 electrons) this block contains 6 columns or groups. p-block: Group 3A - 8A

Periodic Table: s-block Representative or group A elements p-block

Periodic Table: 3) d-block: They have a filled outermost “s” orbital & partially filled or filled “d” orbitals in energy level (n-1). Ex. Sc- [Ar] 4s2 3d1 Cd- [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5 ”d” orbitals (10 electrons) this block contains 10 columns or groups. d-block: Groups B, the transition metals

Periodic Table: 4) f-block: The outermost electron is placed in “f” orbitals. Ex. Ce-[Xe] 6s2 4f2 Np- [Rn] 7s2 5f5 7 “f” orbitals (14 electrons) this block contains 14 columns or groups. f-block: The inner transition metals

Periodic Table (Blocks): “s” block “p” block “d” block “f” block

Classification of Groups: