1. Quick Question:
Who developed the Periodic Table of Elements?
What property was the original Periodic Table of Elements arranged according to?
How many elements were there when the table was developed?
Why were there spaces or gaps in the table?
What property is the Periodic Table arranged according to in modern times?

2. Today’s Objective:
I understand the arrangement of the Periodic Table of Elements and can use it describe and predict the properties of elements.

4. Periodic table Mendeleev’s chart was renamed the periodic table
Is an arrangement of elements in columns, based on a set of properties that repeat from row to row

5. Mendeleev didn’t know about atoms
All atoms of element have same number of protons
Atoms of two different elements could not have the same number of protons

6. Modern Periodic table
Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number (number of protons)

7. The actinides and lanthanides are below the table to emphasize their similarities related to their electron configuration

8. Modern periodic table Periods are the horizontal rows There are 7
Period # tells the # of energy levels (shells) for those elements

10. Groups/Families Vertical columns There are 18
Elements within a group have similar chemical properties
Pattern of repeating is known as periodic law

13. A groups
For the 8 “a’” groups, the group # is the
# of valence (outer shell) electrons

14. Modern periodic table Four pieces of info for each element
Name of element
Symbol
Atomic number
Atomic mass

15. Atomic mass
A value that depends on the distribution of an element’s isotopes in nature and the masses of those isotopes
An atomic mass unit (amu) is defined as one twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom

16. General Properties of elements on periodic table
Solids, liquids, gases
Majority are solids
2 liquids: Hg (Mercury), Br (Bromine)
11 Gases: h, he, N, o, f, cl, ne, ar, kr, xe, rn

17. General properties of Elements
Naturally occurring
All but 2 elements with atomic #s 1 – 92 occur naturally
Those not found in nature
Synthetic
Atomic # 93 and higher

18. General properties of elements
Metals, Mettalliods, Nonmetals

19. Metals Good conductors of heat and electricity Solids (except mercury)
Ductile-ability to be drawn into wires
Malleable-ability to be hammered into sheets
Shiny
To the left of stairs are metals (except H)
As you go from top to bottom metallic properties increase

20. Lanthanide Series – 57-70
Belong to row 6
Actinide Series –
Belong to row 7

21. Outline all of the Metals in Black

22. Transition metals are located in groups 3-12 (AKA B groups)

23. Transition metals
Form a bridge between the elements on the left and those on the right
Form compounds with distinctive colors

24. Color the Transition metals dark green
DON’T COLOR THE ELEMENTS
THAT ARE BLACKED OUT!
THEY ARE NOT METALS!
WE ONLY WANT
TO COLOR
METALS!!!
Become more Metallic

25. Color the inner transition (lanthanide & actinide) metals light green
DON’T COLOR THE ELEMENTS
THAT ARE BLACKED OUT!
THEY ARE NOT METALS!
WE ONLY WANT
TO COLOR
METALS!!!
Become more Metallic

26. Metalloids
Elements with properties that fall between those of metals and nonmetals
All touch stairs
Except Al, it is a metal
Metalloids ability to conduct electric current varies with temp
Pure silicon and germanium good insulators at low temp good conductors at high temp

27. Outline all of the Metalloids in Green

28. Nonmetals Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Low boiling points, so most are gases at room temp
Solids at room temp are brittle
Fluorine is most reactive nonmetal
To the right of stairs
As you go from bottom to top the nonmetallic properties increase

29. Outline the nonmetals!!
Become more NonMetallic

30. Think fast!!! What does the period # tell you? # of energy levels
What does the A group # tell you?
# of valence electrons
How many periods on periodic table? 7
Other names for groups?
Columns, families

31. Periodic table
Why is hydrogen located on the left side with group 1-active metals……shouldn’t it be with the other gases in group 17?
Hydrogen’s location is based on it’s electron configuration (Valence Electrons)…..not it’s properties

32. Valence Electrons (aka the outer shell electrons!!)
Is an electron in the highest occupied energy level of an atom
Key role in chemical reactions
Elements in a group have similar properties bc they have the same number of valence electrons
For the “a” groups, the group number tells how many valence electrons there are

33. Alkali metals Group 1A One valence/outer shell electron
Extremely reactive
Reactivity increases as you go down the column
Francium is the most reactive
Label on reference table

34. Color the Alkali Metals Red

35. Alkaline Earth metals Group 2a Two valence e-
HARDER THAN METALS IN GROUP 1A
REACTIVIY IS SHOWN BY THE WAY EACH ELEMENT REACTS W/ WATER
Label on reference table

36. Color the Alkali Earth Metals Blue

37. The Boron Family Group 3a 3 valence e-
ALUMINUM IS THE MOST ABUNDANT METAL IN EARTH’S CRUST!!!

38. Color the Boron Family Brown

39. The Carbon Family Group 4a 4 valence e-
MOST OF Compounds IN YOUR BODY CONTAIN CARBON!!
Silicon is the 2nd most abundant element in Earth’s crust!
Label on reference table

40. Color the Carbon Group Purple

41. The Nitrogen Family Group 5a 5 valence e-
Nitrogen & Phosphorus are used in fertilizers
Bodies-control reaction & release energy from food

42. Color the Nitrogen Group Pink

43. The Oxygen Family Group 6A 6 valence e-
Oxygen is most abundant element in the Earth’s crust

44. Color the Oxygen Group Light Blue

45. The halogen group Group 7A 7 valence e- Chemical properties
Label on reference table
Group 7A
7 valence e-
Chemical properties
Highly reactive (fluorine is the most reactive nonmetal)
Reactivity increases from bottom to top

46. Color the Halogens Orange

47. The noble gases Group 8A 8 valence e- (EXCEPT He –IT ONLY HAS 2)
Colorless, odorless, & EXTREAMELY UNREACTIVE!!
“stable elements

48. Color the Noble Gases Yellow

49. Think Fast!!! Most reactive nonmetal? Fluorine Most Reactive metal?
Francium
What is special about Helium
Only 2 valence e-
DESCRIBE THE NOBLE GASES?
STABLE, UNREACTIVE, ODORLESS, COLORLESS