Unit 2 Part 1-American Revolution ( Causes, War, and Aftermath ) Growing Pains
Growing Pains Both Britain and the Colonies experienced growing pains. Britain had to govern a larger empire. Colonists wanted to govern themselves. Colonists began to resent Britain.
Britain faced two problems in the west: How to deal with the Indians. Whether they should allow settlers to move west.
Questions What were the growing pains that the colonies and Britain experienced? What were the two problems Britain faced in the West?
Outcome of Britain’s Victory Britain’s victory stunned France’s Indian allies. Lord Jeffery Amherst, a harsh British official, made Indian policy. Amherst wanted the Indians to be punished. Refused to give the Indian tribes any gunpowder, which they needed for hunting.
Lord Jeffrey Amherst
Question Why was Lord Jeffrey Amherst was so harsh toward the Indians?
Pontiac’s Rebellion Pontiac was an Ottawa Chief who was a great religious and political leader. He gathered neighboring tribes to attack British forts. The Indians killed or captured many settlers (over 2,000) but were finally defeated. They signed a peace treaty with the British.
Pontiac’s Rebellion Pontiac Pontiac’s War
Proclamation of 1763 Developed to prevent conflict with the Indians. Colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. To enforce the proclamation the British sent troops. Proclamation: an official announcement
Proclamation of 1763
The Sugar Act (1764) Raised revenue to pay for troops. Forced colonial merchants to pay customs duties (charges on all foreign imports) in order to sell non-British goods. Allowed officials to use general search warrants called writs of assistance. Revenue: income Customs duties: charges on foreign imports Writs of Assistance: general search warrants
The Stamp Act (1765) Parliament passed the Stamp Act to get more revenue from the colonies. Colonists had to buy special stamps to put on legal documents, dice, and playing cards. Newspapers had to be printed on special stamped paper. Affected people of every colony and social class.
Stamp Act
Stamp Act
Protesting the Stamp Act Colonists protested in a petition asking Parliament to repeal the Stamp and Sugar Acts. Many colonists agreed to boycott British goods. Colonists who organized boycotts called themselves the Sons and Daughters of Liberty. Boycott: refuse to buy Repeal: to do away with
Stamp Act
Sons of Liberty
Sons of Liberty
Townshend Acts (1767) The Stamp Act was repealed, only to be replaced by the Townshend Acts. Created by Charles Townshend, British Treasurer. Duties (taxes) on popular goods imported only from Britain. This act taxed paint, lead, paper, and tea. They were taxes in disguise.
Charles Townshend
Questions How were these “Acts” similar? How were these “Acts” different? Please give specific examples!
Colonial Leaders of Protest John Adams- Lawyer from Mass. felt Parliament did not represent the colonies and therefore had no right to pass any laws that affected them. Samuel Adams- Cousin to John Adams, organized protests against British rule. Patrick Henry- “Give me liberty or give me death.”
Samuel Adams
John Adams
Paul Revere
Patrick Henry
Boston Massacre March 5, 1770 An angry crowd taunted nine British soldiers guarding the Boston Customs building. The frightened soldiers opened fire killing 5. Samuel Adams called it “the Boston Massacre” to wind up the colonists. Paul Revere made an engraving of British troops firing on unarmed citizens. Prints of the picture were sent throughout the colonies. First man who died was Crispus Attucks an ex-slave and Son Of Liberty.
Boston Massacre
Boston Customs Building
Crispus Attucks
Boston Massacre Victims