Tuesday, 10/5/10 Unit Essential Question: What factors influenced the economic and political relationship between Egypt and Nubia? Bell Ringer: Read the History in Depth on pg. 92 How did the Nubians incorporate Egyptian culture into their own and why did the Nubians keep elements of their own culture? Turn in Homework: Read pgs. 89-94 Questions #3-8

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Several Invasions weakened Egypt The Sea Peoples Mysterious civilization that raided the Mediterranean around 1200 B.C. In the east Palestinians rebelled against Egyptian rule In the west Libyans raided across the Sahara Invasions caused Egypt to become fragmented into several independent states Libyan Dynasties Rule Egypt 950 – 730 B.C. era of Libyan pharaohs Adopted Egyptian culture and traditions

Kushite Dynasties Rule Egypt Kush is a kingdom of Nubia Linked Egypt & the Mediterranean w/ central Africa Kush adopted Egyptian customs and religion Kush princes were educated in Egypt Rulers buried in smaller / steeper pyramids 751 B.C. King Piankhi drove out the Libyans United Egypt from the Mediterranean to Napata Napata was the original Kush capital Marks the beginning of Egypt’s 25th Dynasty Piankhi’s dynasty conquered by the Assyrians in 671 B.C.

Kush Rulers Fled Kush rulers fled south to the Nubian city of Meroe Meroe was rich in natural resources Easy distribution and control of trade Iron was Meroe’s prime export across the Red Sea Iron weapons from Meroe were traded for luxury items Abundant rainfall allows for numerous crops to be grown Meroe began to decline around A.D. 150 A.D. 350 the coastal city of Aksum became the dominant Red Sea power

Workbooks and RSGs Get a workbook and a RSG book Put your First and Last Name and period neatly on the spine of the books Ex. Rachel Pierpont 1st These are your books for the year. Leave them in the cabinet on your period’s shelf Only use pages out of your own books! Tear out pgs. 5 & 12 in your workbook Pg. 5 Sect. A Only Pg. 12 Sect. A & B Only Due end of class

Aksum and Muslim Expansion in Africa The Kingdom of Aksum Developed along the Red Sea south of the Kush Empire King Zoskales seized territory expanding to the Blue Nile and the Arabian Peninsula Trade allows for massive cultural diffusion

Aksum and Muslim Expansion in Africa The Rule of King Ezana Overthrew the Kush around 330 A.D. Takes over the Golden of Meroe by moving trade to the port city of Adulis Links Egyptian, Persian, Mediterranean, Indian, and Roman trade networks African gold, salt and ivory were exchanged for Indian cotton cloth and Chinese silk Educated by Christians & converted becoming king Ethiopian Christians become isolated from the rest of the Christian world following the spread of Islam

Aksum and Muslim Expansion in Africa The Fall of Aksum Declined and eventually fell to Muslims - 632-750 710 Adulis destroyed by Muslims Without their main port city Aksum could no longer fund their large kingdom