Age of Discovery/Exploration God, Gold, and Glory 9/7/2016 8:08 AM Age of Discovery/Exploration God, Gold, and Glory 1450-1648 © 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Motivation for Exploration God – Religious Devotion – convert more people to Christianity Gold - Desire for Wealth – Find new/better routes to India and Asia - new products and spices Glory – Expand their Control = More land = More Power Adventure and Fame – sparked by Marco Polo’s travels through Asia

Marco Polo Merchant and adventurer from Venice One of the first to travel to Asia during the middle ages. Traveled the Silk Road for over 24 years and detailed his experiences in the Book of the Marvels of the World, also known as The Travels of Marco Polo, c. 1300 His story inspired many including mapmakers and Christopher Columbus.

New Technology - Developments and advancements that allowed people to explore further than ever: Cartography Caravel Magnetic Compass Cross Staff Astrolabe

Portugal Leads the Way Portugal’s location gave them an advantage in looking for a new route to Asia. They were the first to try sailing south around the tip of Africa to gain access to Asia

Prince Henry the Navigator Heard tales of gold in Africa and financed numerous expeditions along the African coast These voyages helped compile knowledge about navigation and the geography of the Atlantic Ocean. 1419 set up school and naval observatory

Bartholomew Dias Portuguese explorer – 1st to round the southern tip of Africa Cape of Good Hope in 1488 and into the waters of the Indian Ocean Found the route that would allow Europeans to trade directly with India and Asia

Vasco da Gama 1st European to reach India by sea Establishes foundation for Portuguese settlements Why is the voyage a big deal?

SPAIN In competition with Portugal to find a route to Asian trade Opened the Americas to European colonization and trade

Christopher Columbus Born in Italy but studied in Portugal. His study of math, astronomy, cartography, and navigation led him to believe that he could find a faster route to Asia by sailing West across the Atlantic He took his idea to Portugal and England but neither were interested Ferdinand and Isabella (King & Queen of Spain) agree to fund his trip across the Atlantic On August 3, 1492 Columbus set sail with three ships: the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria

Let’s set the record straight Myth Truth Christopher Columbus discovered America Christopher Columbus landed in the USA Columbus befriended the Indigenous people America existed long before Christopher Columbus was alive. It was inhabited by millions of Indigenous Peoples with their own culture, language, government, and trading systems. He landed in what we know as the Bahamas , present day Haiti and the Dominican Republic He used Indigenous people for information on the land, to work, and for gold

Effects of Western Exploration Columbian Exchange Slavery Conquistadors , Explorers, and Missionaries began to flood the North American Continent

Columbian Exchange refers to the vast exchange of people, plants, animals, ideas and diseases that began with the “Age of Exploration”

Results of the Columbian Exchange Colonization of North American Increases the population in Europe, better diet Wipeouts civilizations….Incas, Aztecs Native American population decreases…disease and labor but get horses and new technology Create the slave trade in Africa and Americas

Slavery Because many Indigenous people of the Americas were being killed or died by diseases, settlers required other people to do the work for them . These people were refereed to as slaves. By the late 1400s European Explorers in West Africa were trading guns and other goods for slaves Slavery began in the “ New World” in the 1500s.

Conquistadors and Missionaries Though Columbus didn’t find the Western route to Asia, his discovery of the Caribbean Islands gave Spain claim to new lands and opened the door for Spanish explorers for the next 150 years The Conquistadors found greater riches than could be earned through trade with Asia Missionaries were sent to convert the Native people to Christianity.

Conquistadors and Missionaries Conquistadors are Spanish soldiers-explorers who murdered and took over the native peoples of Mexico and Peru Missionaries are people who travel to spread the word of God and convert people to Christianity