MALDIVES Food Security Analysis

NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY AND ITS LIMITATION

Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10 HIES 2009‐2010 is the second such nationwide survey conducted in the country. The first nationwide HIES conducted in 2002‐2003

Sample Frame Data is based on 2006 census Male’ and Atolls were treated as two domains. A total of 2060 households were selected. Male’ 600 Atolls 1460

Field Operation Male’ Atolls 2009 2010 October November December March April May August

HIES 2009/10 Food consumption: Expenditure (Form 5/ Household Diary) and (Form 6/ Individual Diary) Diary was left in the hh for one month Recall period for food items: Food purchased in bulk: within the last month Staple food and other food items: current month exp Quantity was collected in different unit of measurement The prices was collected in Rufiyya (MVR) 235 food items collected

Limitations Food file was not cleaned after the survey. Quantity in different unit of measurement (mostly local units). Food items was not specific and combination of many items. No country specific FCT

Analysis of micro indicators on food security

Prevalence of Undernourishment PoU (survey) PoU (SOFI) DEC (survey) DES (SOFI) MDER Maldives 1.4 5.4 2976 2870 1786 Urban 25.1 2272 1815 Rural 0.5 3317 1771 PoU – Prevalence of Undernourishment DEC- Dietary Energy Consumption (kcal/person/day) DES- Dietary Energy Supply (kcal/caput/day)

Analysis of depth of food deficit (kcal/person/day) National 8.9 Urban 186.7 rural 3.1

Shares of food consumption by food sources (in monetary value) Share of food consumption in total income (%) (Engel ratio) Purchased Own production other Away from home Maldives 18.35 91.17 0.85 2.8 5.17 Quintiles Poorest 63.45 91.61 1.35 3.66 3.88 2 35.12 92.18 0.77 3.25 3.80 3 23.28 91.84 0.87 2.90 4.39 4 17.52 91.56 0.48 2.67 5.29 Richest 9.45 89.24 0.94 1.96 7.85

Nutrient contribution to dietary energy consumption Share of protein Share of fat Share of carbohydrates National 12.21 24.29 63.49 Urban 14.82 26.93 58.17 rural 11.34 23.41 65.25 Gender Male 11.74 26.95 61.27 Female 12.73 21.29 65.99

Food consumption by food commodity groups