LECTURE 5 IONS & IONIC COMPOUNDS

Chapter 5 Visual Concepts Ionic Bonding

Binary Formula Compounds that have only 2 different types of elements Cation Positively charged atom (usually a metal) Anion Negatively charged atom (usually a nonmetal)

Cations vs. Anions

Binary Ionic Compounds Contains 2 atoms ionicly bonded together What is an ionic bond? Metal + Nonmetal Rules Name the cation (metal) as it appears in the P.T. Name the anion (nonmetal) by changing the ending to –ide

Naming Ionic Compounds Chapter 5 Visual Concepts Naming Ionic Compounds

Sample Problems Name the following formula NaCl CaF2 Li2O And special cases: CuCl CuCl2

Sample Problems Name the following formula NaCl – Sodium Chloride CaF2 – Calcium Fluoride Li2O – Lithium Oxide And special cases: CuCl – Copper (I) Chloride CuCl2 – Copper (II) Chloride

Naming Compounds Using the Stock System Chapter 5 Visual Concepts Naming Compounds Using the Stock System

How do I write the formula? Count Valence Electrons Obey the Octet Rule

Writing Binary Formula Rules: 1. Write the symbol of the cation with its charge 2. Write the symbol of the anion with its charge 3.“Criss-Cross” Applesauce

Writing Binary Formula Example: Calcium Nitride Calcium = Ca+2 Nitride (Nitrogen) = N-3 Ca+2 N-3 Formula: Ca3N2

Comparing Monatomic, Diatomic, Polyatomic Compounds

Naming Polyatomic Formula Ions made up of 2 or more atoms and a total charge of < or > 0 If the formula contains 3 or more atoms, look for a polyatomic ion

Naming Polyatomic Ions Name the cation “as is” found in the P.T. Name the anion “as is” found on the back of your P.T. Make no changes Example: NaOH Na = Sodium OH = Hydroxide Name: Sodium Hydroxide

Naming Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions Chapter 5 Visual Concepts Naming Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions

Naming Polyatomic Formula Example: NaSO4 Na = Sodium SO4= Sulfate Name: Sodium Sulfate Example: KMnO4 K = Potassium MnO4 = Permanganate Name: Potassium Permanganate

Writing Polyatomic Formula Write the cation with its charge. Write the anion with its charge. “Criss-Cross” applesauce.

Writing Polyatomic Formula Example: Magnesium Nitrate Magnesium = Mg+2 Nitrate = NO3- Mg+2 NO3- Formula: Mg(NO3)2

Writing Polyatomic Formula Example: Aluminum Hydroxide Aluminum = Al+3 Hydroxide = OH- Al+3 OH- Formula: Al(OH)3