The American people September 14, 2017 NOTE: Want a different image on this slide? Select the picture and delete it. Now click the Pictures icon in the placeholder to insert your own image. September 14, 2017

What do we call a thousand million? Identify the Country Country A 1,388 million population in 2017, estimated 1,385 million in 2050 Country B 1,342 million population in 2017, estimated 1,620 million in 2050 Country C 326 million population in 2017, estimated 439 million in 2050 A billion What do we call a thousand million?

Country A = China in 2010 Estimated 1,424 million in 2050 Annual growth rate--0.46 % a year in 2010 Estimated 1,424 million in 2050

China used to have a one child policy; India has no such policy. Country B = India 1,342 million in 2017 Estimated 1,620 million in 2050 Annual growth rate—1.2 % on in 2010 Estimated 1,657 million in 2050 Why is India growing faster than China (or, more accurately, China more slowly than India)? China used to have a one child policy; India has no such policy.

The United States is the world’s third most populous country. Country C = USA 326 million in 2017 Estimated 439 million in 2050 Annual growth rate—0.73 % in 2010 The United States is the world’s third most populous country.

India Age Distribution Is there a problem having more males than females? Would you expect the Indian population to grow rapidly or slowly? Yes. Millions of young men will never find mates. Rapidly because the population is very young. Note the gender imbalance. Families in SE Asia have a strong bias toward male children, so much so that they often abort female fetuses and kill female children.

Population Growth

Population Growth Rate What do we call the population burst in the 1950s and 1960s? Why did that happen? Is the U.S. population growing? How fast? The period of rapid population growth after WW II is called the baby boom. People who put off families because of depression and war made up for lost time. A little less than 1 percent a year, less than 10 percent a decade Why did growth slow in the 1940s? Millennials

World Population Is world population growing? Yes. Is the rate of growth increasing or decreasing? Decreasing

World Population Growth Which countries do you think are classified as developed and which as developing? The United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, and the countries of Western Europe are developed nations.

World Population Growth

Population Change Why does the death rate fall in Stage 2? Advances in healthcare People realize they don’t need a bunch of babies to ensure two or three grow to adulthood. Why does the birth rate fall in Stage 3?

Growth-Oriented Problems Too Rapid Growth Population Decline Rapid population growth strains a country’s ability to provide jobs, education, healthcare, food, water, housing, etc. for a growing population. The result can be an extremely low standard of living. Over time, population decline leads to a disproportionate number of retired people relative to people in their working years of 18 to 65. Furthermore, the nation’s workforce may be too small to meet the demands of business and industry.

Is population decline good news or bad news for the Japanese? Bad news because the population of working age adults will be declining. The population of Japan, a developed country, is in a steep decline.

Age Distribution in Japan How can you tell from the graph that the birth rate is falling? There are relatively few young people. There are fewer young people than middle aged. What is remarkable about this graph?

Age Distribution in the United States That’s the baby boom generation. Why is the female side larger near the top? Why is there a bulge here? Women live longer. What policy could the government follow to increase the number of working age adults as the baby boomers retire? Increased immigration

Aging Population The baby boomers are getting older and people are living longer. What two factors account for the increase in the population 65 and older? Social Security, Medicare, & Medicaid This is big. What government programs will be affected by this demographic change?

What We Have Learned What are the world’s three most populous countries? Which of the three is growing most rapidly? How does the size and growth rate of the U.S. population compare with that of other countries? How is the world population changing? Which group of nations is growing more rapidly—developed or developing? How does the age distribution of the United States compare and contrast with the age distribution of Japan? How does the age distribution of the U.S. population affect programs such as Social Security and Medicare?