Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce CHAPTER 6 Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Chapter Contents Section A: Web Technology Section B: Basic Web Page Authoring Section C: Web Page Extensions, Scripts, and Programs Section D: E-commerce Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Section A: Web Technology The Web, the Net, and Hypertext HTML and XHTML Web Browsers Helper Applications, Plug-ins, and Players HTTP Web Servers Cookies Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

The Web, the Net, and Hypertext The Web is an interlinked collection of information A hypertext is a group of interlinked files Hypertext link An HTML document is one way to store data for a Web page HTML tags (most come in pairs) Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

The Web, the Net, and Hypertext Web browsers and Web servers exchange HTTP messages. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

HTML and XHTML HTML is a markup language containing special instructions HTML is not a case sensitive language World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) developed and revises HTML specifications XHTML is the follow-up version to HTML 4 HTML tags are enclosed in angle brackets Self-closing tags Formatting tags, link tags, media tags, and operational tags Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

HTML and XHTML Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

HTML and XHTML Most browsers include a menu option for viewing an HTML source document and the HTML tags it contains. This example illustrates how to view source HTML while using Internet Explorer. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Web Browsers Help you access Web pages Upgrade to new browser versions as they become available Popular browsers include: Netscape Navigator Internet Explorer Opera Firefox Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Helper Applications, Plug-ins, and Players Helper applications extend the browser’s ability to work with file formats A plug-in is a type of helper application A player is any helper application or plug-in that helps a browser display a particular file format Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

HTTP HTTP messages flow between a browser and a Web server. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Web Servers Includes HTTP software to fulfill HTTP requests Server farms can handle thousands of requests each second Excessive demand can crash a Web server HTTP uses port 80 Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Cookies Small chunk of data generated by a Web server and stored on your computer’s hard disk and can be used later Fix problems caused by HTTP’s stateless protocol Relatively safe Your computer does not have to accept cookies, but it may affect your ability to do things online, such as making purchases Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Section B: Basic Web Page Authoring Web Page Authoring Tools Basic Web Page Components Formats, Styles, and Style Sheets Web Page Graphics, Sound, and Animation Links, Buttons, and Hot Spots HTML Forms Tables and Frames Testing and Posting Web Pages Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Web Page Authoring Tools Text editor Must save files as .htm or .html Similar to a word processor HTML conversion tool Web authoring software Microsoft FrontPage Macromedia Dreamweaver Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Basic Web Page Components Head section Body section Web page header Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Formats, Styles, and Style Sheets HTML formatting tags Cascading style sheet (CSS) Acts as a template for one or more Web pages Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Web Page Graphics, Sound, and Animation CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Web Page Graphics, Sound, and Animation CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Links, Buttons, and Hot Spots HTML for a link specifies a destination and a label Labels can be text or graphical Internal link External link Intrapage link mailto link Image maps are images with clickable areas Hot spots Broken links are nonfunctioning links Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Links, Buttons, and Hot Spots Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

HTML Forms Series of fill-in blanks creating using HTML tags Information entered into a form can be processed by a CGI or ASP script on the Web server Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Tables and Frames A Web page table is a grid of cells that can be used as a layout tool Easy to create Flexible Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Tables and Frames Expert Web designers suggest using frames sparingly and making sure that frames close when linking to other sites. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Testing and Posting Web Pages Test each page locally Transfer pages to a Web server Test all pages and links Update your site to keep it current Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Section C: Web Page Extensions / Scripts / Programs DHTML XML and XSL JavaScript and VBScript Java Applets ActiveX Controls Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

DHTML Combination of HTML tags, CSS, and scripts DHTML effects usually activate as a result of a mouseover. In this example, moving the mouse over the Chapter 4 button changes the color of the button and displays a pop-up overview of the chapter. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

XML and XSL XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a method for putting structured data into a text file using tags and attributes DTD (Document Type Definition) files contain the tags used in XML file XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language) is used to control the display of data in an XML document Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

JavaScript and VBScript Scripts instruct the browser to perform specific actions or respond to specific user actions JavaScript and VBScript are the most popular scripting languages Scripts can either run on the client (client-side script) or the server (server-side script) Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

JavaScript and VBScript Scripting errors occur when a browser or server cannot execute one or more statements in a script Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Java Applets Small Java applications Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Java Applets They cannot open, modify, delete, or create files on your computer They cannot make any network connections except to the originating site They cannot start other programs Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

ActiveX Controls Compiled computer program that can be referenced from within an HTML document Installed on computer’s hard disk Designed only for the Windows platform Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

ActiveX Controls Most ActiveX controls are safe Contain digital certificate Digital certificates are obtained through a certificate authority Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Section D: E-commerce E-commerce Basics Online Shopping Shopping Carts Transaction Privacy and Security Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

E-commerce Basics Business transactions conducted electronically over a computer network B2C (business-to-consumer) C2C (consumer-to-consumer) B2B (business-to-business) B2G (business-to-government) Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

E-commerce Basics Enhances traditional business models Styles of online advertisements Banner ad Pop-up ad Click-through rate Ad-blocking software prevents ads from appearing on screens Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Online Shopping In a typical shopping session, you connect to an online storefront and use navigation controls to browse through the merchant’s catalog. As you browse, you can drop items into your electronic shopping cart. At the checkout counter, you enter the information necessary to pay for the items you selected. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Shopping Carts Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Shopping Carts Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Transaction Privacy and Security Web sites can surreptitiously collect data about your browsing and purchasing habits Spyware surreptitiously gathers information Ad-serving cookies track your activities at any site containing banner ads from a third party Clear GIFs can set cookies to third party sites Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Transaction Privacy and Security Packet sniffers monitor data as it travels over networks You should use a secure connection when involved in an electronic transaction SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) S-HTTP (secure HTTP) Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Transaction Privacy and Security Merchant databases may be accessed without authorization Dishonest employees Fake storefronts may be used to collecting data Enter URLs correctly Hackers may be able to steal credit card numbers from your hard disk Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Transaction Privacy and Security An electronic wallet can transfer your billing and shipping information to a participating site’s e-commerce Web server when you check out. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Transaction Privacy and Security Person-to-person payments are an alternative to credit cards The payment service is the only entity that sees your credit card number Service is in its infancy Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce CHAPTER 6 COMPLETE Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce