Force, Friction, & Gravity Study Guide Chapter 10 Section 1 & 2 Force, Friction, & Gravity Study Guide

What is the difference between mass & weight? Mass – amount of matter in an object Measured in kg Weight – how much gravity is pulling an object Measured in N

What is the difference between Mass and Weight?

How will your weight change if you were to travel to a more massive planet than Earth? Earth has a gravity, which is based on the mass of Earth. A more massive planet than Earth would have a stronger gravitational pull You would weigh more on a planet more massive than Earth.

What is the SI unit for force? Force is represented Newtons (N).

Why is it possible to throw a baseball much further than a bowling ball? The baseball has a lighter mass than the bowling ball. The less mass, the less gravitational pull, the easier force it accelerate that object. The greater mass, the greater gravitational pull, the hard force need to accelerate the object.

How would the mass of an object be different if it were on the moon instead of Earth. Mass = how much matter is in an object The mass of an object cannot change, regardless of whether its on Earth or on the moon.

In air, a leaf will fall more slowly than a baseball. Why? The baseball has less surface area and experiences less air resistance. The leaf has more surface area and experiences more air resistance.

How would the speeds of the falling leaf and baseball change if there was no air? No air = no air resistance No air resistance = no upward force slowing down the leaf No air = lead and baseball both fall the ground with the same speed at the same time.

Why do objects on Earth’s surface tend to fall at different rates? All objects are supposed to fall at the same rate, but this doesn’t always happen Air Resistance = upward force exerted on falling objects; type of fluid friction Falling objects with greater surface area experience more air resistance

What are two factors that affect gravitational attraction of objects? Two factors affect gravitational attraction: Mass & Distance Greater mass = greater gravitational force Closer the objects = greater gravitational force

What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth? An object that falls to the ground accelerates. The acceleration of an object to Earth is 9.8 m/s/s

What is the relationship between mass and gravitational force? Greater mass = greater gravitational force

What are two factors that determine the strength of friction? Strength of friction depends on: How hard the surfaces push together Types of surfaces involved

What is the fluid friction that is exerted on all falling objects? Air resistance

How do you represent force on paper? Represented with an arrow ( or ) Arrow points in direction of the force

What are the four types of friction? Give an example of each. Static Friction Sliding Friction Rolling Friction Fluid Friction

What is a force? A push or a pull on an object

When the only force on a falling object is gravity, the object is said to be in _______? On earth, gravity is a downward force affecting all objects Free Fall When only force acting on a falling object is gravity

What is the force that is exerted when two surfaces rub against each other? Friction The force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other

What is the force that is exerted when objects are pulled towards each other? Gravity A force that pulls objects toward each other

Who is the scientist that discovered gravity? Isaac Newton said, gravity is a force acts to pull objects straight down toward Earth’s center

Which surfaces provide the least amount of friction, smooth or rough? Smooth surfaces provide less friction than rough surfaces

How do you describe force? Described by strength and direction Strength is measured in NEWTONS (N) Direction represented with an arrow ()

Objects with the greatest _______ experience more air resistance? Greater surface area= greater air resistance Ex: paper ball versus sheet of paper

Forces with the same strength that cancel each other out are called? Balanced forces

Forces acting on an object that result in a net force and a change in motion are called? Unbalanced forces