Global Interdependence Chapter 20

Terms & Names 20.1- International Space Station, Internet, genetic engineering, cloning, green revolution 20.2- developed nation, emerging nation, global economy, free trade, ozone layer, sustainable growth

Terms & Names 20.3- proliferation, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, political dissent, gender inequality, AIDS, refugee 20.4- terrorism, cyberterrorism, Dept. Homeland Security, USA Patriot Act 20.5- popular culture, materialism

Impact of Science and Technology 1950s- US and USSR competed in space exploration Satellites, mammals and humans in orbit 1960s- US surpassed USSR Man on the moon in 1969 This emphasis on science and technology led to new products that changed life for everyone

Space Exploration 1972- US and USSR began cooperating on a project Dock 2 spacecrafts together while in orbit 1975- the spacecrafts docked 1980s- astronauts from 11 different countries have been put in orbit

Space Exploration 1998- US and 15 other countries begin assembling the International Space Station Since the 1970s, unmanned probes have explored different regions of space Planets, our sun and other stars, nebulae, supernovae, black holes and and galaxies

Video Review Questions What was the name of the first man-made satellite to orbit the Earth? Who was the first human in space? Who was the first American to orbit the Earth? What president declared that America will land on the moon by the end of the 60s?

Global Communications Since the 1960s satellites have orbited Earth and aided in global communications These communications have turned the world into a global village rather than a collection of separate countries People halfway around the world can watch a live feed of what others are doing

Rise of Computers When the first computers came out in the 1940s, they were the size of a huge room. Needed their own air conditioning systems Began to reduce in size because of the space race of the 50s and 60s Technology had to fit into the space capsules

Video Review Questions How did the first computers store information? What modern day conveniences came about because of computer technology?

Just For Fun

Communication Networks 1990s- businesses and people began using the internet The internet began in the 60s as a method of linking scientists to exchange research By 2002, more than 600 million people were connected to the Internet The spread of the Internet has helped to improve the quality of life, but it has caused other issues.

Homework Watch/Listen to a news broadcast select a story that is talked about Answer the following questions: What was the topic? What channel/station broadcasted the story? How long was the story discussed? Do you think this is an important topic? Why/why not? Did the reporter give his/her own opinion at any time?

Transforming Human Life Computer advances have improved the quality of life all over the world Emergence of lasers, microscopes, ultrasounds, MRIs, CAT scans, microsurgery

Genetic Engineering Genes- hereditary units found in the cells of organisms, responsible for specific traits Genetic engineering allows scientists to introduce new genes into an organism Why alter the organism: resistant to infection brighter colors, more appealing longer shelf-life more food produced Examples of foods

Cloning Create identical copies of already successful organisms A branch of genetic engineering Should we clone animals and people? What might some dangers be?

The Green Revolution 1960s- agricultural scientists began a campaign to increase food production use of fertilizers and pesticides developing high-yield, disease-resistant crops helped to avert famines, but the pesticides and fertilizers caused cancer and polluted waterways The typical peasant farmer was not able to afford the chemicals anyway

Modernizing the Green Revolution rather than adding possibly dangerous chemicals to the field, scientists are finding ways to incorporate desired traits into the plants disease resistance able to grow in poor soil

Technology and the Economy An explosion in knowledge usually creates a boom in the economy plastics computers A few companies begin with the new technology, then new companies begin to innovate on the design (smaller, cheaper, higher quality, etc)

New Economies An expansion of economies led to an increase of production of goods and services Manufacturing jobs began to move from developed nations to emerging nations workers willing to fill manufacturing jobs and work for less money Information industries grew in developed nations more educated workers, easier access to technology

Multinational Corporations Companies that operate in a number of countries Exxon Mobil, General Motors, BP, Toyota These companies have manufacturing bases in multiple countries Buy goods from one country Manufacture the goods in another Sell them in others

Free Trade Globalization seeks to get rid of trading barriers General Agreement on Tariffs and Trades (GATT) countries agree to lower tariffs and expand free trade

Trade Blocs EU- European Union, a group of countries with tariff-free trading incredibly successful now includes former Soviet countries NAFTA- North American Free Trade Agreement trade agreement between US, Canada and Mexico inspired by the EU New trade blocs are being formed in Asia, Africa, Latin America and South Pacific

Pros and Cons of Globalization

Impact of Global Development

20.1 Terms and Names International Space Station - cooperative venture sponsored by the US, Russia and 14 other nations to establish and maintain a working laboratory for scientific experimentation in space Internet - linkage of computer networks that enables people to exchange information and communicate with one another

20.1 Terms and Names Genetic Engineering - the transferring of genes from one living thing to another in order to produce and organism with new traits Cloning - the creation of plants or animals that are genetically identical to an existing plant or animal Green Revolution- a 20th century attempt to increase food resources worldwide, involving the use of fertilizers and pesticides and the development of disease-resistant crops

20.2 Terms & Names developed nation- a nation with all of the facilities needed for the advanced production of manufactured goods emerging nation- a nation in which the process of industrialization is not yet complete global economy- all the financial interactions- involving people, businesses and governments- that cross international boundaries

20.2 Terms & Names free trade- commerce between nations without economic restrictions or barriers (such as tariffs) ozone layer- a layer of Earth's upper atmosphere, which protects living things from the sun's damaging ultraviolet rays sustainable growth- economic development that meets people's needs but preserves the environment and conserves resources for future generations

20.3 Terms & Names Proliferation- a growth or spread- especially the spread of nuclear weapons to nations that do not currently have them Universal Declaration of Human Rights- a 1948 statement in which the United Nations declared that all human beings have rights to life, liberty and security political dissent- the difference of opinion over political issues

20.3 Terms & Names Gender Inequality- the difference between men and women in terms of wealth and status AIDS- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome- a disease that attacks the immune system, leaving the body open to dangerous infections Refugee- a person who leaves his or her country to move to another to find safety

20.4 Terms & Names Terrorism- the use of force or threats to frighten people or governments to change their policies Cyberterrorism- politically motivated attacks on information systems

20.4 Terms & Names Dept. Homeland Security- US federal agency created in 2002 to coordinate national efforts against terrorism USA Patriot Act- an antiterrorism bill of 2001 that strengthened governmental rights to detain foreigners suspected of terrorism and prosecute terrorist crimes

20.5 Terms & Names popular culture- the cultural elements- sports, music, movies, clothing etc- that reflects a group's common background and changing interests Materialism- a placing of high value on acquiring material possessions