Cardiovascular System Functions & Structure

SEPTUM Left Right Atrium Atrium Aortic Valve Tricuspid Valve Left Mitral Valve Ventricle Ventricle Pulmonary Valve

SEPTUM To the body Aorta To Lungs To Lungs Superior Vena Cava Pulmonary Artery From Lungs From Lungs (to left atrium) Left Right Atrium Atrium Aortic Valve Tricuspid Valve Left Right SEPTUM Mitral Valve Ventricle Ventricle Pulmonary Valve Inferior Vena Cava

Animations http://www.explania.com/en/channels/health/detail/the-human-heart http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/human_heart.html

Blood Vessels http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=whtNDBIhczQ&feature=related Oxygenated Blood DeoxygenatedBlood Artery Vein Thinner, Less Elastic Wall Arterioles Capillary Bed Venules Thick, Elastic & Muscular Wall Thin Wall

Muscle Pumping Effect Valve pushed apart by blood pressure Muscle Belly (Contracted) Veins Squeezed by muscles Blood cannot flow backwards as valve is CLOSED

Blood Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets 99% of Blood Cells Variety of Shapes & Sizes Larger than Red Blood Cells Smaller than Red Blood Cells Carry O2 & CO2 to and from cells Pass through capillary walls Fight Disease-Causing Organisms Cause Blood to Clot when blood vessel is damaged Produce in Bone Marrow Removed by Liver & Spleen Produce in the Bone Marrow Life Span: 4 months Life Span: Few Days

Plasma Clear, yellowish fluid Suspend blood cells Passes through capillary walls and into cells Provides cells with PROTEINS, SALTS, GLUCOSE, FATS, ANTIBODIES, O2

Haemoglobin Bright Red Appearance Allows O2 to attach to Red Blood Cells Bright Red Appearance More Hb = More O2 = More Work Produced Contains a large amount of Iron The Role of Red Blood Cells in Anemia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ZV5140OykE

Systemic Circulation

Pulmonary Circulation

Circulation of Blood 5 3 1 4 2 5 http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/human_heart.html

Blood Pressure Systolic Blood Pressure Upper Reading Amount of pressure developed from AORTA to ARTERIES into cells and muscles Diastolic Blood Pressure Low Reading Pressure of blood in ARTERIES as the HEART RELAXES and FILLS Factors effecting blood pressure???

Factors that impact blood pressure The exact causes of high blood pressure are not known, but several factors and conditions may play a role in its development, including: Smoking Being overweight or obese Lack of physical activity Too much salt in the diet Too much alcohol consumption (more than 1 to 2 drinks per day) Stress Older age Sleep Apnea Genetics – family history of heart disease

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis

Additional Study http://www.explania.com/en/channels/health/detail/the-human-heart