13.4 - A Flawed Peace

A Flawed Peace Germany's defeat 13.4 German generals recognized that it was time to sue for peace with the Allies. The Kaiser was forced to abdicate on the 8th November and a new democratic republic was established. An armistice (an agreement to stop fighting) is signed in a railway car near Paris. On November 11, 1918, World War I came to an end. 13.4 How would the Allies deal with a defeated Germany?

The Big Four David Lloyd-George [Great Britain] Woodrow Wilson [USA] Vittorio Orlando [Italy] Georges Clemenceau [France]

“I can predict with absolute certainty that within another generation there will be another world war if the nations of the world do not concert the method by which to prevent it." Woodrow Wilson, 1919

Differing Allied Goals America, Woodrow Wilson Fourteen Points: Wanted to prevent future wars. Reduction of weapons Self Determination-right of all people to choose their own governments (democracies) Organization for world’s nations to join, to protect from future aggression

Differing Allied Goals France, Georges Clemenceau punish Germany make Germany pay for costs of war Great Britain, David Lloyd George don’t weaken Germany wanted Germany to stop communism from spreading out of Russia Italy, Vittorio Orlando wanted to gain territory -Italy was essentially ignored

Treaty of Versailles Allies finally compromised on goals Treaty of Versailles was closer to Clemenceau’s goals than Wilson’s Germany had to accept the terms of the treaty

Treaty of Versailles (1919) Copy the chart! Treaty of Versailles (1919) Designed to cripple Germany WAR GUILT CLAUSE GERMANY’S MILITARY FORCES REDUCED NO UNION WITH AUSTRIA THE TERMS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES 1919 PAY REPARATIONS RHINELAND DE-MILITARISED LOSS OF TERRITORRY

Germany Takes Full Blame for the War

The War Guilt Clause "The Allied and Associated Governments affirm, and Germany accepts, the responsibility of Germany and her Allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associate Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of a war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her Allies." Article 231

Treaty of Versailles June 28, 1919  signed by Germany League of Nations formed: International body of nations Purpose: to prevent future wars Germany was excluded U.S. did not join

Causes of WWI Effects of WWI Militarism Alliance System Nationalism Imperialism Assassination of Franz Ferdinand Effects of WWI Allied victory Boom in American economy Colonies lost for defeated empires Destruction in Europe Emergence of U.S. as a world leader & economic giant