4G-WIRELESS NETWORKS PREPARED BY: PARTH LATHIGARA(07BEC037) KRISHNA MEVAVALA(07BEC047) GUIDED BY: DR D.K.KOTHARI

Evolution of Wireless Networks: 2

3 REVOLUTION in Wireless Communication First implemented In 1980’s Mobility In Tele Communication 3

Limitations: Subscriber Capacity Security Spectrum Utilization Infrastructure Changes 4

Revolutionary Step Toward DIGITAL Implemented in 1990’s Many advantages Over 1G Still in Market 5

Enhancement Over 1G: Increased “capacity” Reduced capital “cost” Reduced Cellular “Fraud” Improved Features SMS Voice & Data Transmission 6

7 First Implemented in 2000 Provides higher data rates Offers always-on internet and e-mail Typically uses GPRS Bridge between 2 G & 3 G 7

Enhancement Over 2G: High speed packet-data service(144.4kbps) Uses existing radio spectrum 8

` What 3G & 4G Can Do?

Consisting of Packet Data Devices Implemented in 2005 Consisting of Packet Data Devices Higher Speed than 2.5G & 2.75G Video Conferencing Internet Streaming 10

Standards:- UMTS: TD-CDMA: Combination of TDMA,CDMA & FDMA. High data rate-up to 2Mbps Deliver information directly to users and provide them with access to new and innovative services & applications. Provides personal communication to mass market regardless of location, network & terminal used. Requires, Multi-media Multi-environment Multi-operators- Virtual operators 11 TD-CDMA: Combination of TDMA,CDMA & FDMA. 5Mhz Bandwidth Supports asymmetric traffic such as IP UTRA-Universal Terrestrial Radio Access

Enhancement Over 2.5G: Global Standard Compatibility within different networks High quality Worldwide common frequency band Worldwide roaming capability Multimedia applications High speed packet data rates 2Mbps for “Fixed” 384 Kbps for “Pedestrian” 144 Kbps for “Vehicle” 12

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Objectives: High network capacity : more simultaneous users per cell, A data rate of at least 100 Mbps between any two points in the world, Smooth Handoff across heterogeneous network Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks, High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc), Interoperability with existing wireless standards. 15

Challenges To 4G: To Provide lower Expenditure cost and Capital Cost To Support Wide variety of spectrum band To Develop cost effective High Performance Cell Site To Provide more ‘’Bandwidth‘’ at backhaul portion of network To Support Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) application 16

Technologies: New Base Station Technology Advance Antenna design , integration strategies & configuration Novel Backhaul method Advance DSP techniques Solution for Multihop relay 17

Conceptual View 4G: 18

Proposed Architecture of 4G: 19

OFDM Multi carrier modulation Divides Band B into N subcarrier Parallel bit streams B/N Apart Subcarrier sum up before Transmission Coding, Decoding data through IP 20

Smart Antennas-MIMO: Smartness at both transmitter & receiver Employs SDMA Multiple parallel channels operating simultaneously on same Band of freq. Combined with adaptive Coding & Decoding 21

What can you do with it? What is Wi-Fi? Wireless Fidelity Any type of 802.11 network whether 802.11b,802.11a,802.11g,dual-band etc. Uses RF to transmit Data through Air What can you do with it? Quick/easy network access Staff access to corporate network Patron internet access(hotspot) Interconnecting two network 22

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What can you do with it? What is Wi-MAX? Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, Broadband wireless access(BWA) technique Offers broadband connection over long distance Any type of 802.16 network. What can you do with it? Connecting Wi-Fi hotspots to the Internet. Providing data and telecommunications services. Providing a source of Internet connectivity as part of a business continuity plan. Providing portable connectivity. 24

Comparison Of Wi-Fi & Wi-MAX WiMAX uses is a long range system, WiMAX uses licensed or unlicensed spectrum. Wi-MAX is less interactive with end user devices. WiMAX uses a mechanism based on connections between the base station and the user device. WiMAX runs a connection- oriented MAC. WiFi is limited to short range Cells Wi-Fi uses unlicensed spectrum to provide access to a network. Wi-Fi is more popular in end user devices. Wi-Fi has a QoS mechanism similar to fixed Ethernet, where packets can receive different priorities based on their tags. For example VoIP Wi-Fi runs on the Media Access Control's CSMA/CA protocol. Comparison Of Wi-Fi & Wi-MAX 25

Conclusion: Next Generation(4G) network is a broadband packet network & requires Giga- bit wireless technology of ~1Gbps capability. Killer Application: Wireless visual communication? There are many interesting & Important research topics before the born of 4G wireless systems: Gigabit wireless technology : Broadband CDMA, Hybrid ARQ, MIMO High efficient video coding technique Multihop technique in cellular system

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