1. WI-FI AND WIMAX

2. What is Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi or Wireless Fidelity is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance for certified products
based on the IEEE standards.
The term Wi-Fi is often used by the public as a synonym for wireless LAN (WLAN)
Wi-Fi is supported by most personal computer operating systems, many game consoles, laptops, smartphones, printers, and other peripherals.

3. What is Wimax WiMAX, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
is a telecommunications technology that provides wireless transmission of data
uses a variety of transmission modes, from point-to-multipoint links to portable and fully mobile internet access.
The technology provides up to 3 Mbit/s broadband speed without the need for cables.
The technology is based on the IEEE standard
also called Broadband Wireless Access

4. Wi-Fi system details
Wi-Fi uses both single carrier direct-sequence spread spectrum radio technology and multi-carrier OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) radio technology
The regulations for unlicensed spread spectrum enabled the development of Wi-Fi
Unlicensed spread spectrum was first made available in the US by the Federal Communications Commission in 1985

5. Wi-Fi system advantages
Wi-Fi allows low-cost local area networks (LANs) to be deployed without wires for client devices
The price of chipsets for Wi-Fi continues to drop
Wi-Fi has become widespread in corporate infrastructures.
Unlike mobile telephones, any standard Wi-Fi device will work anywhere in the world.
Wi-Fi is widely available in more than 220,000 public hotspots and tens of millions of homes and corporate and university campuses worldwide

6. Wi-Fi system challenges
Spectrum assignments and operational limitations are not consistent worldwide
Wi-Fi networks have limited range. A typical Wi-Fi home router using b or g has a range of 32 m (120 ft) indoors and 95 m (300 ft) outdoors.
High power consumption of Wi-Fi makes lower battery life mobile devices.

7. Wi-Fi system devices
A wireless access point (WAP) connects a group of wireless devices to an adjacent wired LAN.
Wireless adapters allow devices to connect to a wireless network, such as PCI, miniPCI, USB, ExpressCard, PC card.
A wireless router allows wired and wireless Ethernet LAN devices to connect to a (usually) single WAN device such as cable modem or DSL modem
Wireless network bridges connect a wired network to a wireless network such as between two separate homes.

8. OSBRiDGE 3GN - 802.11n Access Point and UMTS/GSM Gateway

9. USB wireless adapter

10. Embedded serial-to-Wi-Fi module

11. City Wide Wi-Fi
Many cities around the world announced plans for a city wide Wi-Fi network
most of these projects were either canceled or placed on indefinite hold.
A few were successful, for example in 2005, Sunnyvale, California became the first city in the United States to offer city wide free Wi-Fi

12. Wi-Fi system uses
A Wi-Fi enabled device such as a PC, game console, mobile phone, MP3 player or PDA can connect to the Internet
Wi-Fi can make access publicly available at Wi-Fi hotspots provided either free of charge or to subscribers to various providers.
There are already more than 300 metropolitan-wide Wi-Fi projects in progress
Wi-Fi enables wireless voice-applications (VoWLAN or WVOIP).

13. Wi-Fi channel congestion
Usage of the ISM band in the 2.45 GHz range is also common to Bluetooth, ZigBee
Problem in high-density areas, such as large apartment complexes or office buildings with many Wi-Fi access points
Additionally, other devices such as microwave ovens, security cameras, Bluetooth devices cordless phones and baby monitors can interfere
Solution is to is migrate to a Wi-Fi 5 GHz product, (802.11a, or the newer n if it has 5 GHz support)

14. Wi-Fi Alliance
The Alliance aims to improving the interoperability of wireless local area network products based on the IEEE standards.
The Wi-Fi Alliance is a consortium of separate and independent companies
The Alliance have a set of common interoperable products based on the family of IEEE standards
The Wi-Fi Alliance certifies products via a set of defined test-procedures

15. WiMAX Applications Connecting Wi-Fi hotspots to the Internet.
Providing a wireless alternative to cable and DSL for broadband access.
Providing data and telecommunications services.
Providing a source of Internet connectivity as part of a business continuity plan.
Providing portable connectivity.

16. WiMAX Technical details
WiMAX is a term coined to describe standard, interoperable implementations of IEEE wireless networks
Wi-Fi is used for interoperable implementations of the IEEE Wireless LAN standard.
However, WiMAX is very different from Wi-Fi in the way it works.

17. WiMAX Physical layer
The original WiMAX is based in the 10 to 66 GHz range.
802.16a, updated in 2004 to , added specifications for the 2 to 11 GHz range.
was updated by e-2005 in 2005
More advanced versions, including e, also bring Multiple Antenna Support through MIMO (Multiple input-Multiple output)

18. WiMAX MIMO board

19. WiMAX integration with IP
The WiMAX Forum has proposed a WiMAX network can be connected with an IP based core network
Typically chosen by operators that serve as Internet Service Providers (ISP)
Nevertheless the WiMAX BS provide seamless integration capabilities with other types of architectures as with packet switched Mobile Networks.

20. WiMAX frequency allocation
WiMAX could function on any frequency below 66 GHz
WiMAX Forum has published three licensed spectrum profiles: 2.3 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.5 GHz
In the USA it is 2.5 GHz primarily to Sprint Nextel and Clearwire.
Some countries in Asia like India and Indonesia will use a mix of 2.5 GHz, 3.3 GHz and other frequencies
Pakistan's Wateen Telecom uses 3.5 GHz.

21. WiMAX Silicon design
A critical requirement for the success of a new technology is the availability of low-cost chipsets and silicon implementations.
Intel Corporation is a leader in promoting WiMAX, and has developed its own chipset.
Texas Instruments, DesignArt, and picoChip are focused on WiMAX chip sets for base stations.
Kaben Wireless Silicon is a provider of RF front-end and semiconductor IP for WiMAX applications.

22. WiMAX Compared with Wi-Fi
WiMAX uses standards provide different types of access, from portable (similar to a cordless phone) to fixed (an alternative to wired access, where the end user's wireless termination point is fixed in location.)
Wi-Fi uses unlicensed spectrum to provide access to a network.
WiMAX and Wi-Fi have quite different Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms.