Articles of Confederation US History October 8 & 9, 2015

Emerging Conflicts Objective: To review knowledge learned and comprehend issues with the Constitution. Essential Question: When is it okay for citizens to rebel against their leaders? Why rebel? Standard(s): 1.3 – Students will summarize the American Revolution and post-revolutionary outcomes as they apply to the 20th century by utilizing one of the big 11 social studies skills

INTERPRETING A POLITICAL CARTOON Bellringer INTERPRETING A POLITICAL CARTOON What is happening in the photo? Is the background of any significance? What do you see? What is the most important thing? Why? Write 3 questions you would like to ask about the picture? Britons within the Yankeean Plains, Mind how Ye March &Trend The American Rattle Snake The Serpent in the Congress’s Reigns, As well as in the French

Warm-up: CNN Student News Write a ONE SENTENCE summary on TWO news stories from CNN Student News. After the video you will have 5 minutes to write your 2 summaries. Summary: “A brief statement or account of the main points of something. Discussion to follow: What do you think?

1754 – 1763 French and Indian War Back: British & French at war against French & Indian allies over possession of Eastern North America (territory). Proclamation of 1763 Back: Pontiac’s Rebellion – Destroyed British Forts. Angry over lack of trade. Britain closed all lands west of Appalachian Mts. All land  British. William Pitt Back: Prime Minister of Britain. Raised taxes and borrowed money to fund the war. Sent soldiers to Canada and attacked French colonies in Asia  Seven Years War. Treaty of Paris Back: Britain, France, and Spain signed a treaty in Paris, France; ending the F&I War & Seven Years War in Europe. Britain: Canada and lands East of Mississippi River. Spain: New Orleans (French) Battle of Quebec Back: British invade New France in Canada. Lay siege – An enemy force is surrounded, trapped, and starved in surrendering. Heavy loss to the French

Turn to PAGE 113 in the textbook. Describe the importance and / or purpose of each action under the tabs British Actions Sugar Act Stamp Act Example: Protest Describe the consequences of each reaction under the tabs. Colonial Reactions Turn to PAGE 113 in the textbook. Summarize British Actions & Colonial Reactions. Provide a sketch for one action and one reaction. Quartering Act Townshend Act Example Boycott Tea Act Intolerable Acts Example: Boston Tea Party

British Response to the Boston Tea Party Taxation Without Representation Sugar Act Tax on trade of molasses. Intended to encourage Colonists to buy imported molasses w/ a tax rather than smuggle it. Stamp Act Placed a tax on printed media. Required an official government stamp. Townsend Act Placed a tax on certain imported goods: ex. Glass & tea. Colonists being taxed without their consent. British Response to the Boston Tea Party Coercive Acts Limited Town meetings to once a year. Suspended Massachusetts general court. Intolerable to British Colonies Limited Colonial govt. Authority placed on British leaders & laws. Quebec Act Stripped Massachusetts, Connecticut, & Virginia to claims to western lands. Favored British & French religion vs. Colonists.

The Boston Massacre showed that Colonists couldn’t trust the British. Comparing Two Opposing Sides Patriots Most fought in the American Army. Led by Sons of Liberty / Continental Congress Lead Boycotts and protests. Four Things that Led to the Call for Independence Taxation Without Representation Colonists angry they were being taxed without consent (Stamp Act, Sugar Act, Townsend Act) British Actions led to Colonial Unity The Boston Massacre showed that Colonists couldn’t trust the British. Both Faced Harassment. Both groups were colonists. Tried to convince others to join their cause. First Continental Congress Gathering of 56 delegates from every colony. Renewed boycotts and colonies to have armed militias. Sent grievances to the king. Loyalists Some fought in the British Army. Worked for the King or benefited from the status quo. Some left to go back to Britain. Second Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence. Officially separated from Britain.

Battles of the American Revolution Time Line Pages: 104-116 127-137 1754-1763 Date French and Indian War Battle British Outcome Description / Importance Great Britain won land west of Appalachian Mts. & Canada from France. 1770 Date The Boston Massacre Battle British shoot colonists Outcome Description / Importance Colonists protested Townshend Acts, British attacked colonists. Strengthened rebellious movements. __________ Date Lexington and Concord Battle Outcome Description / Importance __________ Date Battle of Bunker Hill Battle Outcome Description / Importance __________ Date Battle of Trenton Battle Outcome Description / Importance __________ Date Battle of Saratoga Battle Outcome Description / Importance __________ Date Battle of Yorktown Battle Outcome Description / Importance

4. Promote the General Welfare To make sure we are happy and healthy. Four Parts of The Declaration of Independence Preamble Back: Introduction; a declaration of rights; a list of complaints against the king. The Preamble: Six Goals for the U.S. Government Establish Justice To create laws and a system to solve disputes. 2. Insure Domestic Tranquility To make sure we have peace in our homes. Declaration of Natural Rights Back: Rights that belong to the colonists simply because they are human, not because kings or governments granted them these rights. 3. Provide for the Common Defense To be able to raise armies for our defense. List of Grievances Back: Public officials must make decisions based on the law, not on their own personal wishes. Colonists tired of what they saw as self-interests by the king. 4. Promote the General Welfare To make sure we are happy and healthy. 5. Secure the Blessings of Liberty To make sure we are a free country. Declaration of Independence by U.S. Back: Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness (property). July 4, 1776 “These United Colonies are, and of Right out to be Free and Independent States…” 6. Forms a More Perfect Union The States need to work together as a unified nation.

Interactive Journals: Articles of Confederation Cut out Articles of Confederation sections and glue into journal / notebook / binder. You will have 15 minutes to complete this portion. The Basics: Before the United States constitution which we all benefit from, the first draft is commonly known and referred to as the Articles of Confederation. The document was produced during the wartime emergency of the Revolutionary War and does not realistically uphold the countries principles. Much of the issues written and portrayed in the Article of Confederation will resurface during the American Civil War between State Rights and Federal Rights.

The Constitutional Convention Constructs a Plan Articles of Confederation Strengths To declare war and peace. To coin and borrow money. To detail with foreign countries and sign treaties To operate post offices. Weaknesses Limited national government. Could not force the states to obey its laws. Did not have power to tax. Could only ask for $$ Lacked strong and steady leadership. No national army or navy. No system of national courts Each state could put tariffs on trade between states. The Constitutional Convention Constructs a Plan Strong National Government Representation in congress in proportion to population. Two house legislatures (bicameral). More people = more representation. Both Two house legislature (bicameral). Equal representation in the Senate (upper house) Population representation in the House of Representatives (lower house). Strong State Government Equal representation in congress. Gov’t could raise funds from tariffs & regulate interstate commerce. One house legislature (unicameral). Supported by smaller states.

1. Divide desks into 5 distinct groups. Jeopardy Review 1. Divide desks into 5 distinct groups. 2. Use notebooks to answer Jeopardy Questions. 3. Assign a group leader, a writer, and an announcer. Directions: Write out the answer on the drawing board. Hold up boards when teacher says to do so. You can only gain extra-credit points, you cannot lose any points. Winning group will receive additional points.

Closure: Exit Slip out of the Door What does the sail represent? What do the waves represent? What is the headline? What do you think the image is trying to convey?

Homework / Extra Credit Acknowledgement of Course Expectations. This was due September 25, 2015.

Exit Slip / Ticket out of the Door Were the colonists justified in resisting British policies after the French and Indian War?