Today’s goals Introduce vocabulary for figurative language Practice composing figurative language

Class discussion- figurative language What is figurative language? Can you think of examples of figurative language or idoms in English? In your native language? How does using figurative language affect our writing? When is it appropriate to use figurative language? When is it not?

Figurative Language Vocabulary Figurative language: language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. Types: Metonymy Metaphor Simile Hyperbole Understatement Pathetic Fallacy/Personification

Metonymy Definition: use of a word or phrase to stand for another word. This new word is chosen for its association with the word or concept. Examples: “The pen is mightier than the sword” “The White House will announce its budget plans today” “Lend me your ears” The teenagers split when the law showed up

Metaphor & Simile Metaphor: a term or phrase used to describe something to which it is not literally applicable. A symbol used to represent something else Simile: comparison of two unlike things that are directly compared. A metaphor that uses “like” or “as” Metaphor Examples: He drowned in a sea of grief She had a broken heart The date was an emotional rollercoaster Simile Examples: He ran like a cheetah She was as busy as a bee “My love is like a red, red rose”

Hyperbole & Understatement Hyperbole: obvious and intentional exaggeration that should not be taken literally Understatement: Purposefully downplaying or under-representing something for rhetorical effect, causing a contrast between description and reality. Hyperbole Examples: He was driving so fast I thought we would break the sound barrier I told you a million times to stop that! I’m so hungry I could eat a horse Understatement Examples: I wouldn’t say he was thin (when describing an obese person) I might have eaten one of the cookies (after devouring a whole box) I know a little about math (said by famous mathematician)

Pathetic Fallacy/Personification Definition: attribution of human characteristics to belong to animals , inanimate objects, or phenomena Examples: “I miss you like the deserts miss the rain” Opportunity is knocking at your door “The stars danced playfully in the moonlit sky” The storm howled angrily outside

Group Activity: Generating Figurative Language In your unit 1 groups Come up with 2-3 examples each of metaphor, simile, hyperbole, understatement, and pathetic fallacy/personfication These examples can be a sentence or two long if it is necessary to add a context Please do this assignment on a separate sheet from Group Activity 1

Group activity: figurative language in narrative Select one setting or one character from each student’s WTR draft For each character or setting, create one descriptive sentence that uses figurative language You should produce one sentence per student that adds to the writer’s desired dominant impression

Homework: Find a sample of open form prose writing (narrative, poetry, etc.) that has one or more examples of figurative language. Your sample should be 1+ pages and brought to class on Wednesday WTR– 2nd Draft 750+ words Should use concrete language and figurative language to describe at least two characters and settings Should work through the first two stages of reflection MLA format Printed and brought to class