Intro to Anatomy: Lesson 2

Intro to Organ Systems (11) Integumentary Protects against environment Controls body temperature

The Integumentary System Figure 1-2(a)

Skeletal System Provides support Protects tissues Stores minerals Forms blood

The Skeletal System Figure 1-2(b)

Muscular System Allows movements Provides support Produces heat

The Muscular System Figure 1-2(c)

Nervous System Immediate response to stimuli

The Nervous System Figure 1-2(d)

Endocrine System Long-term changes in activities

The Endocrine System Figure 1-2(e)

Cardiovascular System Transports cells and materials

The Cardiovascular System Figure 1-2(f)

Lymphatic System Defends against infection and disease

The Lymphatic System Figure 1-2(g)

Respiratory System Delivers air to bloodstream

The Respiratory System Figure 1-2(h)

Digestive System Processes food Absorbs nutrients

The Digestive System Figure 1-2(i)

Urinary System Eliminates excess water, salts and wastes

The Urinary System Figure 1-2(j)

Reproductive System Produces sex cells and hormones

Male Reproductive System Figure 1-2(k)

Female Reproductive System Figure 1-2(l)

Homeostasis Stable internal environment Homeostatic Regulation—adjustments that preserve homeostasis Receptor—sensitive to change in environment (stimulus) Control Center—receives and processes information from receptor Effector—responds to commands from control center

HOMEOSTASIS Normal room temperature Figure 1-3 2 of 6 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Normal condition disturbed STIMULUS: Room temperature rises RECEPTOR Normal condition disturbed Thermometer STIMULUS: Room temperature rises HOMEOSTASIS Normal room temperature Figure 1-3 3 of 6 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Information Normal affects condition disturbed STIMULUS: RECEPTOR Information affects Normal condition disturbed Thermometer STIMULUS: Room temperature rises CONTROL CENTER (Thermostat) HOMEOSTASIS Normal room temperature 20o 30o 40o Figure 1-3 4 of 6 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Information Normal affects condition disturbed STIMULUS: RECEPTOR Information affects Normal condition disturbed Thermometer STIMULUS: Room temperature rises CONTROL CENTER (Thermostat) HOMEOSTASIS Normal room temperature 20o 30o 40o EFFECTOR Sends commands to Air conditioner turns on Figure 1-3 5 of 6 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Information Normal affects condition disturbed STIMULUS: RECEPTOR Information affects Normal condition disturbed Thermometer STIMULUS: Room temperature rises CONTROL CENTER (Thermostat) HOMEOSTASIS Normal room temperature RESPONSE: Room temperature drops 20o 30o 40o Normal condition restored EFFECTOR Sends commands to Air conditioner turns on Figure 1-3 6 of 6 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Negative Feedback A stimulus triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation Thermoregulation—control of body temperature Body is at 98.6 degrees F Maintain normal range

STIMULUS Thermoregulatory center in brain CONTROL CENTER STIMULUS Body temperature rises above 37.2oC (99oF) Control mechanism when body temperature rises Thermoregulatory center in brain Figure 1-4 2 of 10 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Information affects STIMULUS Thermoregulatory center in brain RECEPTOR Body’s temperature sensors CONTROL CENTER STIMULUS Body temperature rises above 37.2oC (99oF) Control mechanism when body temperature rises Thermoregulatory center in brain Figure 1-4 3 of 10 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Information affects STIMULUS Thermoregulatory center in brain Sends RECEPTOR Body’s temperature sensors CONTROL CENTER STIMULUS Body temperature rises above 37.2oC (99oF) Control mechanism when body temperature rises EFFECTOR Thermoregulatory center in brain Blood vessels and sweat glands in skin Sends commands to Figure 1-4 4 of 10 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Information affects STIMULUS RESPONSE Thermoregulatory center in brain RECEPTOR Body’s temperature sensors CONTROL CENTER STIMULUS Body temperature rises above 37.2oC (99oF) Control mechanism when body temperature rises RESPONSE Increased blood flow to skin Increased sweating Stimulus removed Homeostasis restored EFFECTOR Thermoregulatory center in brain Negative feedback Blood vessels and sweat glands in skin Sends commands to Figure 1-4 5 of 10 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings