What we have learned about NZEB in 2017 (With thanks to our students)

1 CPC & EPC will both need to be below 0.2 for NZEB

2 Projected PE factors are needed to safeguard investment

3 Default Y-factors are potential signals of incompetence

4 Upskilling in NZEB will require new delivery methods

What is NZEB?

NZEB Definition Definition of NZEB for new build residential adopted by DIT: 30kWh/m2a (maximum) measured in DEAP Including up to 35kWh/m2a on-site renewables Almost an A1 BER

NZEB Definition

NZEB Definition

NZEB Definition

NZEB Definition Typical BER A3 Typical BER ≈ A1

1 CPC & EPC will both need to be below 0.2 for NZEB

Scope of the study 13 Unique New Dwellings studied: Detached single storey Detached two storey Semi-detached two storey Terraced two storey Top floor Apartment Approx. 70% “live” projects Rural and urban sites

EPC target values for NZEB Average Energy Performance Coefficient (EPC) Part L = 0.350 NZEB = 0.164 NZEB Range: 0.128 – 0.185 MPEPC

CPC target values for NZEB Average Carbon Performance Coefficient (CPC) Part L = 0.315 NZEB = 0.157 NZEB Range: 0.134 – 0.189 MPCPC

Renewables contribution Average Onsite Generated Renewables (kWh/m2a) Part L = 18 kWh/m2a NZEB = 25 kWh/m2a (Limit: 35 kWh/m2a) NZEB Range: 18 – 29 kWh/m2a

2 Projected PE factors are needed to safeguard investment

Primary Energy Factor Primary Energy factor of mains electricity in Ireland 2000 to 2025 2016: 2.19 2020: 1.5? 2030: 1.1?

Primary Energy Factor

Primary Energy Factor Direct electrical space heating Instant electrical water heating PV renewables Gas boiler Part L NZEB 2.19

Primary Energy Factor Part L NZEB 2.19 1.80

Primary Energy Factor Part L NZEB 2.19 1.80 1.40

Primary Energy Factor Part L NZEB 2.19 1.80 1.40 1.00

Primary Energy Factor Part L NZEB 2.19 1.80 1.40 1.00

Primary Energy Factor Primary Energy Factors will fluctuate wildly as the grid decarbonises Buildings which complied when designed may not comply on completion as a result We need a building lifetime average PE factor to design to Is it unreasonable to suggest it be set at 1.1 for buildings due for demolition after 2075?

3 Default Y-factors are potential signals of incompetence

Y-Factor Calculated to default spread 0.01 to 0.15 50% of heat losses

Y-Factor Detail selection Psi-value spread 0.005 to 0.181

4 Upskilling in NZEB will require new delivery methods

5 Upskilling in NZEB will require new delivery methods http://www.mens-nzeb.eu/en/education/distant-learning/webinars/636317779981826208//

A word of advice to suppliers …

Glazing Type Part L 25% triple glazed NZEB 89% triple glazed

Main Fuel Type Part L 9% electrical NZEB 75% electrical

And now its over to our upskilled graduates …