Prepared By: Tejas Shah.(15IT129). Riddhi Tripathi.(15IT147). Ronit Patel.(15IT102). Rushi Patel.(15IT103).

Content. Types of wireless networks. Propagation methods. Types of waves in wireless transmission. Properties. Safety. Uses.

WPAN A wireless personal area network is a low-range wireless network which covers an area of only a few metres. WPAN is based on IEEE802.15(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 standards committee which specifies WPAN standards.) Kind of technology used for WPAN : Bluetooth and infrared technology Wireless USB etc.

WLAN A wireless local area network (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using a wireless distribution method within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory ,office building etc. A WLAN is sometimes call a local area wireless network (LAWN).  WLANs are based on IEEE 802.11. Kind of technology used for WLAN : Wi-Fi. Hotspot etc.

WMAN WMAN includes both WPAN and WLAN. It normally cover the area inside town or city. WMAN is based on IEEE802.16. Kind of technology used for WMAN : WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.).

WWAN A wireless wide area network (WWAN), is a form of wireless network which cover large geographic area i.e. data transmission over entire world. It includes WMAN , WLAN and WPAN. Kind of technology used for WWAN : Satellite networks. Cell phone technology.

3.Line-of-sight propagation Propagation methods Unguided signals can travel from the source to destination in several ways: 1.Ground propagation 2.Sky propagation 3.Line-of-sight propagation

Ground propagation In ground propagation low-frequency signals(below 2 MHz) emanate in all directions from the transmitting antenna. This signal reaches from transmitting antenna to receiving antenna following the curvature of earth.

Sky propagation In sky propagation, higher-frequency signal(2 to 30MHz) radiate upward into the ionosphere where they are reflected back to earth. This type of transmission allows for greater distances with lower output power

Line-of-sight propagation In line-of-sight propagation, very high-frequency signals(above 30 MHz) are transmitted in straight lines directly from antenna to antenna. Antennas must be directional, facing each other and either tall enough or close enough together not to be affected by the curvature of the earth.

Type of waves in wireless transmission

Applications :- AM and FM radio, television, cordless phones. Radio waves Frequency range-3 kHz to 1 GHz. Radio waves are omnidirectional. Radio waves propagates in the sky mode. Radio waves can penetrate through wall. Applications :- AM and FM radio, television, cordless phones.

Microwaves Frequency range-1 to 300 GHz. Microwaves are unidirectional. Microwaves propagates in line-of-sight mode. Microwave cannot penetrate through wall. Applications :- cellular phones,satellite networks,wireless LANs.

Infrared Waves Frequency range-300 GHz to 400THz. Used for short-range communication. we cannot use infrared waves outside a building because the sun's rays contain infrared waves that can interfere with the communication. It cannot penetrate through wall. Applications :- the infrared waves is used to transmit digital data with very high data rate The Infrared Data Association (IrDA), an association for sponsoring the use of infrared waves, has established standards for using these signals for communication between devices such as keyboards, mice, PCs, and printers.

Uses Of Wireless Network Some examples of usage include cellular phones which are part of everyday wireless networks, allowing easy personal communications Another example, Intercontinental network systems, use radio satellites to communicate across the world.

Emergency services such as the police utilize wireless networks to communicate effectively as well.

As your business grows, good communication between employees is essential. So Individuals and businesses use wireless networks to send and share data rapidly, whether it be in a small office building or across the world. You can improve business efficiency by sharing information such as common files, databases and business application software over a computer network

Any data or information can be transmitted faster and with a high speed. Shadow Network can transfer 91 gigabits per second. It's like the Internet, but only connects a few research facilities and organizations around the world. It's meant to share huge data files from science experiments.

Maintenance and installation is less cost for these networks. The internet can be accessed from anywhere wirelessly It is very helpful for workers, doctors working in remote areas as they can  be in touch with medical centers

Disadvantages of Wireless Communication An unauthorized person can easily capture the wireless signals which  spread through the air. It is very important to secure the wireless network so that the information cannot be misused by unauthorized users

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