Bigger than Emergencies? Thinking about Resilience in the round Dr Robert MacFarlane Head, UK Resilience Training, Doctrine and Standards Team Deputy Director, Civil Contingencies Secretariat, National Security Secretariat CFOA Conference Dublin, 4th May 2017

The Plan… 1. (the changing nature of) resilience as an idea 2. focus on city resilience Presentation title - edit in Header and Footer

Disruption Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

Shocks and Stresses

The Essence of Resilience Historically seen in terms of: Bounceback Resistance Endurance Now seen in terms of: <<<< Resilience spans >>>> Timescale Acute Chronic Nature of disturbance* Shocks Stresses Response to disturbance Continuity Adaptability (* disturbance describes episodes or periods of risk, disruption, change or opportunity) Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

Three Key Questions about Future Resilience There is a tendency to regard resilience as a self evidently good thing: more resilience is better than less. In general terms this is a very reasonable position, but more resilience will typically come at the cost of having less of something else. So, when thinking about future resilience, we should ask: of what? against what? in pursuit of what? What are we trying to make ++ resilient? Do we fully understand the risk picture? To what end? What value ++ resilience? Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

What is Currently Done to Build Resilience in Cities? Business Continuity Contingency Planning Emergency Response Risk Management Community Resilience Infrastructure Protection Security Management Public Safety Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

Systems perspective (what and how; dependencies) Joining the dots is a recurrent idea in Resilience Spatial perspective (where) Systems perspective (what and how; dependencies) Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

Jesmond Dene, Newcastle upon Tyne Resilience: bigger than emergencies? Jesmond Dene, Newcastle upon Tyne

Jesmond Dene, Newcastle upon Tyne Multiple functions Different perspectives Disconnected management Sustainable urban drainage Flood risk Wildlife corridor Recreation and amenity Landscape Mitigation of heat stress Non-car transport Public health Education Jesmond Dene, Newcastle upon Tyne Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

Where do you draw the line? What is (not) a city? High concentrations of people, businesses, networks, infrastructure, institutions, sites of socio-economic and environmental value, and risks Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

Cities are not sealed Risks, flows and interdependencies Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

Resilience as a nice idea, but…? Prosperity Citizens Quality of Life Funding Disaster Risk Reduction Industrial Hazards Inclusivity Economy Climate adaptation Public safety Smart cities Crime Critical Infrastructure Malicious threats Sustainability Equality Security Innovation Transport Opportunity Ecosystem services Public health Community resilience Land-use planning Emergency management Culture Education Natural Hazards Built environment Interdependencies Food Communications Water Data, Information, Knowledge NGOs Governance Aesthetics Energy Institutions Waste Public services Psycho-social resilience Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

What is distinctive about resilience? How does it help? Safe Secure Sustainable Smart … and Resilient? Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

History Aspiration and Strategy The Story of the City History Aspiration and Strategy Shocks Stresses Resilience as a way of thinking and a framework to prioritise, reconcile and integrate the various things that we do, in order to survive and prosper Resilience: bigger than emergencies?

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Presentation title - edit in Header and Footer

Thank you robert.macfarlane@cabinet-office.x.gsi.gov.uk 4th May 2017