Learning and Support Teacher Induction May 2012 The LAST will through the school’s learning and support team, provide direct and timely assistance to students in regular classes with additional learning and support needs and their teachers.

Session One Classroom assessment – identifying needs Matching students to text – running records Johnson Sight Words Dagmar Neal Educheck SPAT

Fairness Fairness does not mean that everyone gets the same, it means that everyone gets what they need Richard Lavoie

ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING 4

Assessment is: Process of collecting, analysing and recording information about student progress towards achievement of syllabus outcomes. Central purpose of assessment is to provide information on students achievement and progress and SET the direction FOR ONGOING TEACHING and LEARNING

Teaching and Learning cycle Outcomes achieved Outcomes to be achieved Reporting Where are my students’ now? Where are my students’ going? Accessing and recording Planning and programming Ongoing evaluation How do I know when my students’ get there? How will my students’ get there Classroom practice Teaching and learning experiences Work samples

Types of Assessment Criterion referenced - State / National - NAPLAN criterion referenced - what students can demonstrate based on syllabus outcomes Standardised (norm referenced) – determines average or typical performance of different age groups, often used as eligibility criteria – NEALE, Waddington , SA Spelling, SPAT, CBMs Diagnostic – identifies specific needs of students - EDUCHECK, Johnson Sight Words, CELF screener Curriculum Based Assessment (CBA) – tasks and assessments developed in relation to the outcomes of the lessson/s.

Assessing: Where are the students now? For students with high support needs in literacy, as for all students, the first step is to find out what they can do. Students who have been identified through Naplan testing and/or curriculum based assessment and teacher observation as needing additional support, can be assessed using specific level assessment tasks (Focused Individual Assessment) 8

Scientific Based Research Supports Better Literacy Outcomes Scientific based research has identified the following areas that we need to address in the reading process to achieve successful outcomes Early language and literacy experiences Phonemic Awareness Phonics, (word study, and spelling) Vocabulary and Language enrichment Fluency Reading Comprehension All Components require direct, explicit and systematic delivery. National Reading Inquiry 2005

Assessment in Literacy What do you use? What information do they provide? What do you find the most useful? Specific level assessment tasks Reading records: fluency, accuracy, comprehension Sutherland Phonemic Awareness Test (SPAT) Educheck Sight words

From Assessment to Programming http://www. schools. nsw. edu From Assessment to Programming http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/media/downloads/schoolsweb/student support/programs/disabilitypgrms/assessprog.pdf

The purpose of specific level assessment tasks is to determine a student’s strengths and weaknesses. Needs could include any of the following: Ability to work out words on the page. Sufficient fluency: reading rate of 100 wds per min with fewer than 3 errors for Yr 5 and more than 80 wds per min with less than 3 errors for Yr 3(Neal 1990) Understanding conventions of print e.g. print direction , punctuation. Ability to monitor own reading; to self correct when meaning is lost ( integrating 4 sources of information). Automatic recognition of high frequency words: reading rate of at least 30 words per min with fewer than 3 errors is a guide for Yrs 3-4 and at least 45 per min with 3 errors for Yrs 5-6 (Neal 1990). Phonic skills to sound out unfamiliar words that are regular and phonemic awareness skills to be able to both segment a word into all its sounds and to blend sounds to make a word. Knowledge of vocabulary (what a word says and means) Ability to spell Ability to communicate effectively when writing a range of text types.

Reading records Provide an accurate description of oral reading behaviour. Accuracy: errorless reading Fluency : level of phrasing, accuracy and rate (1 min read) Comprehension : undisputed purpose of reading

Questions to guide your observation of students’ reading Is the student reading for meaning? What strategies does the student use to self monitor? Does the student use the sources of information to anticipate words and phrases? If an error is made, does the student check one source against another eg meaning with visual? Does the student predominantly rely on one source of information

Taking a reading record Orientate all texts prior to taking reading record Tell the student the title, ask the student to reread the title. The title is not included in the scoring Introduce names ( Proper nouns are only counted as errors the first time) Student reads for 1 minute timing. If meets criteria then student continues reading text without being timed. When a student comes to an unfamiliar word, wait for a response. If the response is incorrect, tell the student the word. (T=told) Use ticks for each correct response and record all attempts and errors in full

Repetitions are not counted as errors Calculate the number of errors, fluency, accuracy and the self correction rate. Repetitions are not counted as errors Uncorrected errors, omissions and insertions are counted as errors Non standard pronunciations and breaking words into parts are not counted as errors Errors that are self-corrected (without any prompting) is counted as a self correction and not an error Assess comprehension if text is at instructional level. Before asking questions allow the student time to reread the text silently ???

Reading record conventions march (sc) Self- Correction match march Substitution ma∕tch __ ____ Omission match when Insertion He decided ^ to strike the match. ___ T Told match A Appeal match Repetition He decided to

Calculations RW= Running words E = Errors SC = Self Corrections Accuracy: RW – E x 100= __% eg 200 – 16 x 100 = 92% RW 200 Self Correction Rate: E+SC eg 15+5 = Ratio 1:4 SC 5

Analysing Reading Records What cue does student use? Meaning – trying to make sense of what is being read (M) Structure – knowledge of language patterns being used (S) Visual Cues - (V) Phonological - Do the letters match the words on the page Graphological – Do the words I say match the words on the page

ANALYSIS Graphological and Phonological ( Visual ) Cues- what the words and letters look like. Does the substitution look like the word in the text? here’s cues used Text: I like to see horses at the farm. M S V Grammatical (structure) cues – the structure of the text to point of error. Does it sound right fly Text: I like to see horses at the farm. M S V Semantic (Meaning )cues - meaning or general context of story is reflected in the error ponies houses

Educheck wet if up at on p/u/g w/i/t x f/i/z leg b /u/b road fez x lagx z/i/p x bud x yen x rod wax jut 7/14