Greek Contributions & Philosophers

The Greeks have made huge contributions to both the ancient/modern world. The most noticeable advancements are in the areas of literature, architecture, mythology, science, mathematics and politics.

Greeks created 3 types of columns Architecture Greeks created 3 types of columns Doric Ionic Corinthian

The following techniques are/were used to give Greek structures their beautiful unique design. Columns – used to make temples balanced Pediments - the triangular shapes where roof lines come together Friezes - decorative bands

The statue mysteriously disappeared, long ago… Architecture The Parthenon was built for the goddess Athena. It took 15 years to build and it was made of fine marble with rows of columns on all 4 sides. Inside was a 40 ft. statue of Athena made of wood, ivory and gold. The statue mysteriously disappeared, long ago… Pediment Columns Friezes

Greek art had three important characteristics Full of action Showed balance & order Lifelike & accurate

Drama The Athenians were the first people to write dramas. 2 types of dramas: Comedy Tragedy Performed as religious festivals to Dionysus (god) Still performed today

Greek word theatron = place for viewing = theater Greek theaters were built as semicircles. The rows of seats rose from the stage so the audience could see and hear everything during the play. These ideas influence the way our theaters are built today.

Pulleys, Levers & Water Screw Science Archimedes Greek Inventor Geometry, Arithmetic & Mechanics Best Works: Pulleys, Levers & Water Screw (simple machines)

Archimedes’ water screw was designed to help irrigate fields from low lying water supplies!

Mathematics Pythagoras Greek mathematician Best Work Pythagorean Theorem a2 + b2 = c2 Rumor has it that Pythagoras had supernatural gifts such as the ability to talk to animals, to remember previous lives he had lived as other people, to predict earthquakes, to stop the wind blowing and hail from falling, and to calm the sea’s waves.

(Photo edited by: Courtni Kopietz). http://edu.glogster.com

Medicine Hippocrates “Father of Medicine” Famous Works Diseases came from natural causes Hippocratic Oath Promise taken by medical professionals (rules of conduct)

The word Philosopher means, “a lover of wisdom.” Philosophy The word Philosopher means, “a lover of wisdom.” Greek thinking always revolved around their mythological thinking - Gods/Goddesses!! Along the way….a few “new thinkers” began to change the way Greeks began to think and their overall culture!

Socrates The most famous Greek philosopher Taught through questioning Made others think about their values Teaching approach Socratic Method Most important lesson “Know Thyself” Socrates: (5:13)

Socrates cont… People believed Socrates a threat to their way life. At the age of 70, he was condemned to death for corrupting the youth and dishonoring the gods. When he defended himself, he was viewed as being arrogant and found guilty. Although he was a loyal Athenian, he accepted his punishment and drank a glass of Hemlock, a deadly poison. FYI: “Nightlock” used in the Hunger Games was derived from the toxic plant Hemlock!

Plato Socrates’ student Political Philosopher Did NOT believe in democracy but rather in Oligarchy (small group) Believed in applying reasoning “logical” thinking Socrates’ student

Aristotle Plato’s student Political Philosopher Wrote over 170 books on politics Good governments vs. Bad governments Established universities (Athens) Included all branches of knowledge Mentor/friend to Alexander the Great

Can you remember this acronym? S P A ocrates lato ristotle Brainpop: Athens

References Legacy of Ancient Greece http://www.abss.k12.nc.us/cms/lib02/NC01001905/Centricity/Domain /2795/The%20Legacy%20of%20Ancient%20Greece.ppt Greek Cultural Contributions http://www.google.com/search?q=legacy+of+ancient+greece+powerpoint&oq=legacy+of+ancient+ greece+powerpoint&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l2.6597j1j7&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=93&ie=UTF- 8&gws_rd=ssl&surl=1&safe=active#safe=active&q=cultural+contribtutions+of+ancient+greece+pow erpoint&surl=1 Greece Presentation