Reactions to European Imperialism 7-3.6

1. Effects of Imperialism Many of the countries that were being controlled by Europeans felt as though they were being taken advantage of Some people in these countries decided to fight back, rebel, or change their ways to resist influence

2. Africa A leader named Shaka Zulu created a Zulu state in the Early 1800s. In the mid 1800s, Dutch settlers in South Africa began to move in on Zulu Lands In a show of nationalism Shaka Zulu led the South Africans in attacks against the dutch settlers (Known as boers) They were able to defeat the Dutch, but Shaka’s successors were unable to resist the British in the Zulu War of 1880, they became a part of the British Empire.

Zulu War

3. India The British East India company, a corporation, controlled India. To keep control of the country, the company hired Indian soldiers known as sepoys. This was important because they got many raw materials and sold many finished products there.

3. India (Continued) As the British got more powerful, the Indians got more upset. The British updated phones, railways, schools and other things but were insensitive to Indian culture In 1857 there was a rumor that bullets greased with cow and pig fat were being used. This violated the Hindu and the Muslim sepoy’s religion and was the last straw! The Sepoys rebelled, but lost. The British government took over after the East India company failed to control the country.

4. China China was a self sufficient country and didn’t need to buy goods from others. Britain used opium to convince China to begin trading. They forced China to sign a trade treaty. At the same time China was having an uprising, the Taiping rebellion. The rebellion and Imperial influence pushed Chinese leaders to reform the government Europe, Japan and the U.S. used this instability to take control. In 1899 the open door policy was started, saying China was open for trade with any imperialistic country.

Opium War & Boxer Rebellion

4. China (Continued) A group called the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists (Europeans Called them Boxers) tried to take back China. The Boxers used martial arts training and killed many foreigners as well as Chinese Christians. The Boxers were finally stopped by an 8 nation alliance of countries with economic interests in China.

5. Japan After Matthew Perry forced Japan to open its ports, Japan took steps to modernize and become more western. They had to industrialize. In 1868 the Emperor took the title Meiji, meaning “Enlightened Rule,” and sent diplomats to Europe and the United States. Using this new model they were able to modernize and begin imperial conquests of their own.

5. Japan (Continued) In 1894 Japan went to war with China to gain control of Korea for more raw materials. In the Sino-Japanese war, Japan was victorious and claimed Korea for itself. 10 years later Russia tried to take Korea, and the Japanese won again in the Russo-Japanese war. Having most of their fleet destroyed, the Russians Surrendered. The Meiji Restoration made Japan a successful world power.