Musculoskeletal System Chapter 6

Combining Forms for the Musculoskeletal System ankyl/o crooked/stiff ankylotic kyph/o humped-back kyphosis lei/o smooth leiomyoma lord/o bent lordosis

Combining Forms for the Musculoskeletal System lumb/o loin lumbar myel/o bone marrow myelitis or spinal cord my/o muscle myalgia myos/o myositis muscul/o muscular

Combining Forms for the Musculoskeletal System oste/o bone osteomyelitis sarc/o flesh sarcoma scoli/o twisted scoliosis spondyl/o vertebra spondylitis vertebr/o vertebral stern/o sternum sternocostal

Combining Forms for the Musculoskeletal System ten/o tendon tenodesis tend/o tendolysis tendin/o tendinitis

Musculoskeletal System Overview Provides support and gives shape to the body Skeleton: Consists of bones and cartilage Provides framework to support body Stores calcium and other minerals Produces certain blood cells within the bone marrow Muscles Cover the bones where they hinge Supply forces that make movement possible Provide protective covering for internal organs Produce body heat

Anatomy and Physiology OVERVIEW

Skeleton Appendicular skeleton: Axial skeleton: shoulder pelvis upper and lower extremities Axial skeleton: skull vertebral column chest hyoid bone

The Skeleton

Anatomy of Bones and Joints

The Skull

The Vertebrae

Architecture of the Three Types of Muscles

Classification of Bones Long bones bones of arms and legs Short bones bones of wrists and ankles Flat bones bones of ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis and skull Irregular bones bones of vertebrae and face Sesamoid bones round bones found near joints

Medical Terminology Commonly used Terms & Vocabulary

Body Planes and Cavities

Body Movements

Anatomical Positions Coronal or frontal Plane Sagittal Plane Transverse Plane Anterior (A) Posterior (P) Superior Inferior Proximal Distal Medial Lateral Erect Prone Recumbent Flexion Extension Abduction Adduction Supination Pronation

Anatomical Positions Dorsiflexion Plantar Flexion Range of Motion (ROM)

Medical Terms: Symptoms & Diagnosis Arthralgia Atrophy Hypertrophy Hypotonia Myalgia Ostealgia Rigor or rigidity Spasm Tetany Tremor Ankylosis Arthritis (OA & RA) Bony necrosis Carpal tunnel syndrome Chondromalacia

Medical Terms: Symptoms & Diagnosis Herniated disc Myeloma Myositis Myoma Leiomyoma Leiomyosarcoma Rhabdomyoma rhabdomyosarcoma Rhabdomyolysis Muscular dystrophy Osteoma Osteosarcoma Osteomalacia Osteomyelitis Osteoporosis

Types of Common Fracture

Medical Terms: Symptoms & Diagnosis Know the 5 types of fractures (fig 6.16) Spinal curvatures Kyphosis Lordosis Scoliosis Spondylolisthesis Spondylosis Sprain Subluxation Tendonitis

Spinal Curvatures

Diagnostic Tests & Procedures Amputation Arthrocentesis Arthrodesis Arthroplasty Myoplasty ORIF Osteoplasty Osteotomy Spondylosyndesis Tenotomy MRI Nuclear Medicine Bone scan Radiography (x-ray) DEXA scan CT or CAT scan

Therapeutic Terms to Know Closed Reduction, external fixation Casting Splinting Traction Orthosis Closed reduction, percutaneous fixation

Medications & Abbreviations to Know Analgesic Narcotic/opiate Anti-inflammatory NSAIDS Tylenol AKA BKA Fx PT Tx

Direct Anterior Hip Replacement Video https://youtu.be/6RMJgNat8Vk This project was funded at $3,000,000 (100% of its total cost) from a grant awarded under the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grants, as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Rogue Community College is an equal opportunity employer/program. Auxiliary aids and services, alternate form and language services are available to individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency free of cost upon request.   This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.