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The Skeletal System Medical Terminology.

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Presentation on theme: "The Skeletal System Medical Terminology."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Skeletal System Medical Terminology

2 Key System Terminology
Bone oste/o Bone marrow myel/o Note myel/o also means spine Joints arthr/o Cartilage chondr/o Bursa burs/o

3 Bone Anatomy Diaphysis Medullary cavity Yellow marrow Epiphysis
Red marrow Compact bone Lamellar bone Spongy bone Trabecular bone Periosteum Endosteum Articular cartilage Epiphyseal plate Ligament – connects bone to bone Tendon

4 Appendicular skeleton
Axial skeleton 80 bones Skull Spine Thoracic cage Appendicular skeleton 126 bones Shoulder girdle + arm Hip girdle + leg 206 bones

5 Cranium Face Frontal Parietal Occipital Temporal Sphenoid Ethmoid
Zygomatic Maxillary Mandible Palatine Lacrimal Vomer Hyoid Bone

6 Ribs (rib = costal) [12 pairs]
True (7) False (3) Floating (2) Sternum Manubrium Body Xiphoid Shoulder Clavicle Scapula Acromion Process Arm Humerus Radius Ulna ( & olecranon process) Wrist & Hand Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges

7 Pelvic Girdle (hip/ Coxa)
Spine Vertebrae Cervical (7) Thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) Sacrum (5) Coccyx (4) Intervertebral Discs Pelvic Girdle (hip/ Coxa) Ilium Ischium Pubis Sacrum Acetabulum

8 Legs Ankle & Foot Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals
Talus Calcaneus Lateral & Medial Malleolus Metatarsals Phalanges

9 Skeletal System Structures in Medical Terminology
Oste/o = bone Chondr/o = cartilage Arthr/o = joints Myel/o = bone marrow Note: also can mean spine Burs/o = bursa Cost/o = rib

10 Joints (Articulations)
Functional classification based upon movement: immovable = synarthrosis slightly movable = amphiarthrosis freely movable = diarthrosis Most are diarthrosis Also called synovial joints Joints Synovial Membrane Synovial Fluid Bursa Articulations Ligaments (compare to tendons)

11 Bursa A sac made up of: Synovial membrane Synovial fluid

12 Medical Specialists of the Skeletal System
Orthopedist Those with a medical school degree Those with a osteopathic school degree Chiropracter All diseases center around spinal mal-alignment Podiatrist Orthotics

13 Pathology of the Skeletal System
Ankylosis (ankyl/o = stiff; bent) Arthralgia Arthrosclerosis Bursitis Chondroma Chondromalacia (-malacia= abnormal softening) Hallux valgus (bunion; big toe bent towards other toes) Luxation Synovitis Arthritis Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Ankylosing Spondylitis (spondyl = vertebrae) This is a type of rheumatoid arthritis Talipes (club foot)

14 Pathology of the Skeletal System
Spine Herniated disc Lumbago Spina bifida Kyphosis Lordosis Scoliosis

15 Scoliosis Kyphosis Lordosis

16 Pathology of the Skeletal System
Bone Exostosis (callus) Osteomalacia Osteitis deformans Periostitis Osteochondroma Osteoporosis Fractures Closed (simple) Open (compound) Colles’


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