Aim: Were unions successful in securing rights for workers?

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Presentation transcript:

Aim: Were unions successful in securing rights for workers? Labor Unions Aim: Were unions successful in securing rights for workers?

I. Capitalism vs. Socialism Socialism – the belief that the means of production, or business, should be publicly owned and run by the gov’t Socialists wanted society’s wealth to be redistributed so that everyone earned what they worked for and deserved

II. The Growth of Labor Unions As industrialization spread, workers formed unions, which united craft workers and common laborers in a particular industry Knights of Labor (1869) – Organized all working men and women, both skilled and unskilled; also recruited African Americans pushed for social reforms, equal pay for equal work, an eight-hour day, an end to child labor, and a graduated income tax Led strikes (stopping work to force employers to meet certain demands)

II. The Growth of Labor Unions American Federation of Labor (1886) – Under the leadership of Samuel Gompers, AFL organized only skilled workers; more exclusive than KoL focused on “bread and butter” unionism: wages, hours, and working conditions Used strikes and boycotts against employers Pushed for closed shops (companies would only hire union members) and used collective bargaining – workers negotiate as a group with their employers

III. Important Strikes of the late 19th Century Railroad Strike of 1877; Haymarket Affair of 1886; Homestead Steel Strike of 1892; Pullman Strike of 1894 What did they have in common? They began over wage cuts They were characterized by violence Unions, especially Knights of Labor, get bad reputation after Haymarket The government always sided with business over labor.

IV. Government (in)action A. Supreme Court Cases (Granger cases) Munn v. Illinois (1877) – States could regulate businesses vital to the public interest Wabash v. Illinois (1886) – States couldn’t regulate railroads because they constituted interstate commerce B. Legislation Interstate Commerce Act (1887) – Attempted to end pools and rebates RR rates must be fair and public Interstate Commerce Commission Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) – Outlawed illegal business combinations (trusts) Attempted to restore competition Not enforced – was actually used to break unions.