April 3, 2017 Global II Agenda: DO NOW: Multiple Choice Review

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April 3, 2017 Global II Agenda: DO NOW: Multiple Choice Review NOTES #41: How did India gain independence and what were the effects? CLASS ASSIGNMENT: “Indian Independence and Partition”

How did India gain independence and what were the effects? Notes #41

Before and during World War II, Britain controlled India, but clashed with the Indian people who wanted independence. Amritsar Massacre (1919)

Mohandas Gandhi led India’s independence movement through the use of civil disobedience.

The “homespun movement” and the Salt March were non-violent protests led by Gandhi against Britain’s rule of India. “Homespun movement” Salt March of 1930 5

After WWII, Britain granted India independence, but Hindus and Muslims living in India clashed over who would have power. Indian National Congress (Hindu)  Muslim League 

India (Hindu-dominated) This conflict resulted in the partition of India and creation of the nation of Pakistan in 1947. India (Hindu-dominated) Pakistan (Muslim-dominated)

Partition of India (Summer of 1947)

Gandhi assassinated (January 30, 1948); by Hindu nationalist Nathuram Godse

Cultural and economic differences between East and West Pakistan resulted in the creation of the nation of Bangladesh in 1971.  Formerly West Pakistan Flag of Bangladesh Formerly East Pakistan

Today, the most difficult problems facing India include:

1. India experiences conflict with both Pakistan and China over borders and related territorial issues.

2. Although it is illegal in India, the caste system continues to be practiced by Hindus living in rural areas. “Untouchable”

3. National unity in India has been prevented by conflicts between Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs living in India.

Mumbai Attacks (November 26 – 29, 2008)