US History Midterm Review Questions 1-21

1. What is the difference between absolute and relative locations Absolute is specific latitude & longitude Relative is in relation to a known location (next to Maryvale High School) 2. Identify 3 major geographic features of the US? Appalachian Mountains Rocky Mountains Mississippi River Central Plains 3. Why did Western New York’s geographic location help it to become and industrial center? Between Great Lakes (West) and NYC (East) Erie Canal

6. What was the result of the French and Indian War? 4. Why was there a clash of cultures between Native Americans and European colonists? A differing view on land usage Expansion of European Settlement West 5. What kind of freedom were European colonists seeking in New England? What kind of freedom were European colonists seeking in the South? Religious Freedom in New England Economic Freedom in the South 6. What was the result of the French and Indian War? British Win Britain takes control of most of N. American Colonies Taxes Imposed on American Colonists Natives pushed fathers west Proclamation of 1763

8. Identify 2 major causes of the American Revolution? 7. How did the Declaration of Independence reflects ideas of the Enlightenment? Equality Freedom of Speech Freedom of Religion Right to Remove Bad Government 8. Identify 2 major causes of the American Revolution? Lack of Representation within the Parliament (Equal British Subjects) Increase in American Taxes and British Oversight 9. Identify one positive and one negative of the Articles of Confederation? Positive Established Systems for the Addition of States Negatives No Strong Executive, Inability to Raise Taxes, No National Army/Navy

10. What was the result of the Great Comprise? Connecticut Compromise Creates Bicameral Legislature in Congress House of Representatives based on Population Senate = #’s of Representation (each state has 2) 11. What was the difference between the Federalist & Ant-Federalist view of the Constitution? Federalist Support New Stronger National Government (Fear Direct Democracy “Mob Rule”) Anti-Federalist Support Power in the States (Fear Monarchy) 12. What is an Amendment? What was the goal of the Bill of Rights An Amendment is a Change or Addition to the Constitution. Very Hard to Do. Bill of Rights was compromise for ratification between Federalists and Anti- Federalists to identify basic rights of citizens.

13. Identify two aspects of George Washington's Presidency Established The Cabinet Two Term Tradition Farwell Address (Warning: Political Parties & Foreign Entanglements) 14. Describe the Results of the Louisiana Purchase Doubled the size of the US Control of the Mississippi River Jefferson changed political views 15. What was the result of the Marbury v. Madison court decision? Established Judicial Review Power of Courts to Determine Constitutionality of Law or Executive Actions

16. Identify One Economic Difference Between the North & South North is industrialized, factory systems, small farms South is agriculture, large plantation systems (slavery), ca$h crops 17. Identify 2 cause of the Civil War Slavery; Abolitionists v. Americans who Wanted Slavery to continue to Expand West Bleeding Kansas Dredd Scott Supreme Court Case John Brown Attempted Slave Revolt Harpers Ferry Election of Lincoln 1860 18. What happened to the power of the Federal Government after the end of the Civil War Power of the Federal Government Increased No longer a debate between States Rights Over Decisions of the Federal Government Federal Control over Southern States during Reconstruction

19. What was the purpose of the Reconstruction Amendments End Slavery (13th), Establish Definition of Citizen (14th), Provide Suffrage for men (15th) 20. How did Southern States Respond to the 13th, 14th, 15th (Reconstruction) Amendments Jim Crow Laws Racial Segregation, Poll Taxes, Literacy Test, KKK 21. What was meant by the phrase the “New South” More diverse economy of agriculture & industry with the development of railroads Solid South – States Vote for Democrats