Portland Cement Concrete Chapter 7 Soils Portland Cement Concrete

Portland Cement Lime, silica, alumina, and iron oxide are the main minerals in Portland Cement. They are ground together, placed in a kiln, and heated to 2700℉. The result of the process is called clinker. The clinker is ground and mixed with around 5% gypsum producing Portland Cement.

Portland Cement, cont. Portland Cement hardens when mixed with water The chemical process of hydration continues as long as water is present Hydration produces heat, 50% of the total heat in the first 3 days

Types of Portland Cement Type 1 - Normal Type 2 - Moderate Type 3 - High Early Strength Type 4 - Low Heat of Hydration Type 5 - Sulfate-Resisting 95% of Portland Cement used is Type - 1

Tests for Portland Cement Fineness – smaller particles absorb faster Setting – setting time Compressive Strength Tensile Strength Specific Gravity Soundness

Concrete Concrete is produced when you mix Portland Cement, aggregate, and water together. To increase durability an air entraining agent is included in the mix. Concrete is rated by the compressive reached in 28 days. 60% of the strength is reached in 7 days.

Concrete Standard Test: Slump - a 12”cone is filled 3 lifts, 25 rods per lift. The cone is removed and the amount of displacement is measured. Air Content Test

Standard Test, cont. 6” x 6” x 30” beams are made to test Flexural Strength 6” diameter X 12” cylinders made to test Compressive Strength

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