Archipelago A large group or 
chain of islands

Atoll A ring of coral 
that encloses a 
pool of saltwater

Bay A body of water 
that is partly 
enclosed by land

A deep valley with 
steep sides 
formed by a river Canyon

Cape A pointy piece 
of land that 
sticks out into 
the water

Cave A hollow area in the 
earth with an opening 
to the outside

Delta A fan-shaped deposit 
of sand or mud at the 
mouth of a river

Desert A region of 
little rainfall 
with few plants

Fjord A long narrow 
sea between 
cliffs formed by 
a glacier

Gulf A LARGE body 
of salt water 
that is partly 
enclosed by land

Harbor A small 
enclosed 
area of 
calm water 
usually 
used for 
watercraft

A raised mound part of the earth smaller than a mountain Hills A raised mound part 
of the earth smaller 
than a mountain

Isthmus a narrow 
strip of 
land that 
connects 
two larger 
pieces of 
land

Islands a piece of land 
surrounded by water

Lake a body of 
water 
surrounded 
by land

Mountain a high area of 
land with steep 
sides and a sharp 
peak

Mouth The end 
of a river 
where it 
pours into 
the ocean 
or lake

Oasis A green area 
in a dry 
region

A piece of land surrounded by water on three sides Peninsula

Plain A large flat or 
rolling land with 
few trees

Plateau A raised 
flat area 
of land

River A long body of 
water that 
flows over land

Swamp a type of wetlands 
that has spongy, 
muddy land

A narrow body of water that connects two larger bodies of water Strait A narrow body of 
water that connects 
two larger bodies of 
water

Tributary A stream or 
river that 
flows into a 
larger river

Valley An area of 
low land 
between 
mountains 
or hills

Volcano A hole in the earth's 
crust through which 
lava, gases, and ash are 
released