Introduction: What is Earth Science?

Branches of Earth Science Geology: the study of the Earth’s surface and interior Astronomy: the study of the universe Meteorology: the study of the Earth’s atmosphere Oceanography: the study of the oceans  Events that happen on Earth may involve more than one branch of earth science.

Geologists: What do they do? Geologists are scientists who study the origin, history and structure of Earth and the processes that shape its surface. Exploration to discover: Oil, uranium, geothermal power, deposits of metallic and nonmetallic minerals. Planning water systems, flood control, forecasting earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Producing topographic maps of Earth’s surface, and the surface of other planets and moons.

Astronomers: What do they do? Astronomers study the universe beyond the planet Earth, using telescopes and other instruments. Astronomers specialize in the study of planets, comets, the origin of the universe, or the life cycles of stars. Astronomers use land and space-based telescopes to view the universe, using the full range of electromagnetic radiation. Apollo astronauts brought back moon rocks, space probes and rovers have provided many photographs and analyses of material from other planets.

Mars Rover Homepage

Meteorologists: What do they do? Meteorologists study the atmosphere: Weather forecasters predict weather Some study the effects of solar energy in changing the weather Others study the effects of air pollution Many study the effects of climate change Others study hurricanes, tornadoes, and long range forecasts.

Satellite Image of North America

Oceanographers: What do they Do? They study the ocean floor, ocean currents, and the movement of icebergs. They study the plant and animal life of the ocean They study ocean waves and undersea earthquakes. Oceanographers use drilling and mapping to gather information.