Unit 1 - Day 3 Success in Compromise

Theme: Compromise - a settlement of differences by mutual concessions; an agreement reached by adjustment by opposing claims or sides; the result of a settlement. - Below I have listed examples of positive compromises that our government created early in its existence. Explain how each compromise was successful over time. (Hint: when all 3 were established they were not liked by all) - 13th and 15th Amendments and the new US Constitution Were these compromises easy to obtain? Why or why not?

Constitutional Convention (1787) - delegates met in Philadelphia, PA in secret. - Where these men Loyalists or Patriots? When: May 25 to September 17, 1787. Goal: to revise the Articles of Confederation Outcome 1: new constitution = US Constitution. Outcome 2: George Washington named 1st President. Outcome 3: James Madison = Father of the Constitution. Why was a new constitution created? Define debate: James Madison How do debate & compromise go hand in hand?

NJ Plan: Wanted a strong State government VA Plan: Great Compromise: Wanted a strong Federal government Great Compromise: aka CT Plan Leader: William Patterson Leader: James Madison and Edmund Randolph Leader: Roger Sherman Favors Small States Favors Large States Agrees w/ both plans Followed Articles of Confederation for Federal branches of government Wanted 3 Federal branches of government Agrees w/ VA Plan (still used today) One House w/i the Federal Legislature (Congress) Two House Federal Legislature (Bicameral) Equal Representation w/i the Federal Senate Proportional representation in the Federal House of Representatives Agrees w/ both plans (still used today)

Large States/States that Favored the Virginia Plan: Maryland (5 delegates) Massachusetts (4 delegates) New York (3 delegates) North Carolina (5 delegates) Pennsylvania (8 delegates) Virginia (7 delegates) Small States/States that Favored the New Jersey Plan: Connecticut (3 delegates) Delaware (5 delegates) Georgia (4 delegates) New Hampshire (2 delegates) New Jersey (5 delegates) South Carolina (4 delegates) *Rhode Island DID NOT attend In general, states that preferred the VA Plan were those that had a population of 250,000 or more. NC and GA were more supportive of the NJ Plan, but hoped if counted, their slave population would make them in line with the VA Plan.

1790 United States Census Data State Total Population Slave Population Connecticut 237,946 2,764 Delaware 59,096 8,887 Georgia 82,548 29,264 Maryland 319,728 103,036 Massachusetts 378,787 0 New Hampshire 141,885 158 New Jersey 184,139 11,423 New York 340,120 21,324 North Carolina 393,751 100,572 Pennsylvania 434,373 3,737 Rhode Island 68,825 948 South Carolina 249,073 107,094 Virginia 691,737 292,627

Feelings About Slavery Feelings About Representation Connecticut State Prefers the VA Plan Prefers the NJ Plan Feelings About Slavery Feelings About Representation Connecticut   Delaware Georgia Maryland Massachusetts New Hampshire New Jersey New York North Carolina Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Virginia

Federal House of Representatives The creation of the Great Compromise took about 100 days... Why did this process take so long & was it worth the wait? Why do we still use these ideas from the previous page today? Explain what you know already about these two topics: Question Federal Senate Federal House of Representatives How many members from each state? How many members total? How old must you be? Do you have to be a naturalized US citizen? How long is one term? How man terms can you serve? Create your own question

Another compromise created at the Convention in 1787 was the 3/5 Compromise: which three-fifths of the enumerated (counted) population of slaves would be counted for representation purposes regarding both the distribution of taxes and the apportionment of the members of the US House of Representatives. Did this allow African Americans the right to vote? How was this compromise seen as controversial? The implementation of the 3/5 Compromise would greatly increase the representation & political power of slave-owning states. The Southern states, if represented equally, would have accounted for 33 of the seats in the House of Reps However, b/c of the 3/5 Compromise, the Southern states accounted for 47 seats in the House of Reps of the first US Congress of 1790. This would allow for the South to gather enough power at the political level, giving them control in Presidential elections.

Slave Trade Compromise of 1787: The slave trade compromise was an agreement protecting the interests of slave holders, which forbid Federal Congress the power to act on the slave trade for twenty years. This meant that slaves would be mostly a State power. It allowed the continued "importation" of slaves in the US. It allowed Federal Congress to place a tax on imported slaves. Slaves continued to be technically classed as merchandise and it was therefore within the power of Congress to tax slaves. Significance of the compromise: It ensured the continuance of the Constitutional Convention It was the first independent restraint on congressional powers It was one of the Causes of the Civil War b/t North and South.

List events that occurred in the US after the creation of the Slave Trade Compromise in 1787 and explain the affect w/i the US for each example. Have any other countries in the world past/present dealt w/ these issues? Are those countries as strong as the US is today? Has the US learned from the mistakes that we have made? Explain your answer.

What are imports? good(s) brought into the US Our last compromise from the Convention in 1787 is the Commerce Compromise: it was agreed to by the northern & southern US during the Constitutional Congress of 1787. The northern states wanted to tax both imports & exports, while the southern states disagreed. The compromise allowed only imported goods to be taxed (same as today). What are imports? good(s) brought into the US - Examples today - clothing, food, tech, cars, steel, oil What are exports? good(s) sent from the US - Examples today - food, tech, cars, oil How do imports & exports affect the US a whole? We gain $ and new food/improvements Who does the US trade w/ primarily? México, Canada, England, China, and Japan.

S.W.B.A.T. for u1 d3 notes Explain the importance of compromise that was essential for the development of the new American nation. How can compromise established by our current US government hurt some individuals? Explain an example to a neighbor.