Foreign Animal Disease Outbreak Planning for Zoos AZFA Conference 2016

Foreign Animal Diseases Diseases not currently found in the United States 15 Significant Ones Classical Swine Fever Exotic Newcastle Disease Rinderpest

Avian Influenza & Foot and Mouth Disease

A Range of Response Plans

Endangered Species of high genetic and conservation value

California Exotic Newcastle Outbreak 2002

Henry Doorly Zoo/ Wildlife Safari Park Avian Influenza (AI) Response Plan 2006

Public Health USDA Fusion Center SZS Media Public SAHO

June 6, 2012

June 11, 2013

Omaha Tabletop Planning for Feathers, Flu and You

April 2, 2014 Incident Command System and National Incident Management System Training

zoo staff from all levels ICS and NIMS Training Approximately 60 zoo staff from all levels

Incident Command System Language JIC, Incident Commander PIO, Operations Section, Planning Section, Strike Teams, Span of Control, Task force Scalability, Section Chief Safety Officer, Unified Command IAPs, ICP, Staging Area, Camp, JOC, MACC Compensation Claims Unit, Demobilization Unit, Liaison Officer

Nebraska Department of Agriculture State Veterinarians Office and Yvonne Nadler ZAHP Fusion Center

April 22, 2014

Premise Day 1 Backyard Chicken Flock in Omaha Veterinarian near Zoo Respiratory symptoms- 2 sick, 13 dead Veterinarian near Zoo Contacts State Veterinarian State Response Presumptive Positive

Premise Day 2 Depopulation 2 remaining birds 2 new locations show up- one in wild turkeys near zoo Some Zoo birds may show symptoms- especially Madagascan Crested Ibis- Endangered

Premise Day 3 Zoo contacts state veterinarian Zoo birds diagnosed presumptive positive Employees not coming to work Rumors and aggressive press Worried well over run hospitals

75 Participants Federal State Local State officials from 3 states 3 Other Zoos

Federal USDA/APHIS Veterinary Services USDA Wildlife Services USDA/APHIS Animal Care USDA Avian Specialist FBI FEMA

State State Veterinarian/ Department of Agriculture Nebraska Game and Parks Health and Human Services Nebraska Diagnostic Lab University of Nebraska Highway Patrol

Local County and City Emergency Coordinators Departments of Health Omaha Police Omaha Fire Humane Society

Other Groups Center for Food Security- Iowa State North Dakota Iowa South Dakota 3 Zoos

Outcomes Zoo not well prepared to work within an ICS More training Established new Relationships that will help us be “In the Trailer”

Outcomes We recognized that the Zoo is part of a much bigger agricultural picture. Loss of sales- chickens, turkeys, BEEF! Closed borders

Outcomes “How would we know that?” Dealing with the Zoo- new issues Agencies hadn’t thought too much about dealing with disease in an urban environment

Zoo will- Continue working with State and Federal Agencies on planning Continue ICS training More tabletops, new scenarios

Objective: Be one less worry, with confidence for IC Objective: Be one less worry, with confidence for IC. Be part of the solution, Not another problem to solve

48 million birds euthanized 2014- 2015 HPAI 48 million birds euthanized $ 1.6 Billion direct cost $ 3.3 Billion indirect

Zoo Responses Varied “Prioritizing animals” Covering exhibits Draining ponds Moving birds inside “Prioritizing animals” Communication with State Veterinarian

Management of Facilities and Equipment is Crucial

Foot and Mouth Disease

FMD 7 Serovars plus subtypes All cloven hoofed animals Low mortality, high morbidity

Traditional Plan: Stamp it Out

2001 Great Britain Outbreak 10 million animals $14 billion in cost UK daily mail article recalling the 2001 FMD outbreak. 10 million animals.

The case against depopulation of feedlots

(burial trench 75 miles long) Nebraska 5- 6 million cattle Feedlots over 150,000 (burial trench 75 miles long)

Air quality, water quality, etc, etc

Evolving new strategies for domestic animals Composting Limited vaccination Manage to slaughter Multiple years to eradicate

Business Continuity for Zoos While protecting the collection Visitation

Controlled Access Points CAP Iso CAP

Step Two: Isolation Area (shown in red) Designate the Isolation Area: the most long-term biosecure animal confinement area in the facility Designate Isolation Area Controlled Access Point (CAP) Where PPE Biosecurity Protocols are implemented Designate Staff access path

Designate visitor areas Isolation Note: Visitor and staff pathways never cross and Susceptible animals are never exposed to visitors Visitor Exhibit

Managing Animal Contact Areas

Modeled on secure milk, secure pork, secure eggs Secure Zoo Modeled on secure milk, secure pork, secure eggs

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