www.studymafia.org Seminar On Smart material Submitted To: Submitted By: www.studymafia.org www.studymafia.org 1 1

content Introduction Operation principle Types of SMA Economical Outlook Applications References

introduction Smart materials are designed materials that have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli, such as stress, temperature, moisture, electric or magnetic fields. Types of Smart material: Shape memory alloy Piezoelectric Thermoelectric materials Thermochromic Photochromic, etc.

SMA SMA are the Materials which have the ability to return to a predetermined shape when heated or cooled, or below its transformation temperature. When it is heated above its transformation temperature it undergoes a change in crystal structure which causes it to return to its original shape. The most common shape memory material is an alloy of nickel and titanium called Nitinol This particular alloy has very good electrical and mechanical properties, long fatigue life, and high corrosion resistance.

Operation principle SMA has two stable phases 1) Austenite (high temperature phase) 2) Martensite (low temperature phase) Fig. 1: Different phases of a shape memory alloy

Contd… (a) (b) Fig. 2: (a)Temperature-induced phase transformation of a shape memory alloy without mechanical loading. (b) hysteresis curve

types Types of SMA Types of Alloys One way SMA Cu-Al-Ni Alloy, Ti51Ni49 Two way SMA Types of Alloys Ni-Ti Copper

nitinol The term nitinol is derived from its composition and its place of discovery: (Nickel Titanium-Naval Ordnance Laboratory). Nitinol is actuator, sensor and heater all in one material Nitinol thin film actuators have attracted significant development efforts in the recent past years. Nitinol films normally less than 10m in thickness were deposited on silicon, glass or polymeric substrates by sputter deposition.

ECONOMICAL OUTLOOK 1 Billion dollar market 75% - Electro-ceramics 10% -Shape Memory Materials 10% - Magnetostrictive materials 5% - Active Fluids

application MEMS electrical & thermal Actuator Micro-grippers Aerospace and Naval Applications Medical Dentistry Repair broken bones Replace damage discs Cellular phones Robotics arm Fire alarm sensor Arts

References www.google.com www.wikipedia.com www.studymafia.org www.pptplanet.com

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