Respiratory System Monday 23rd February

Starter Identyfy 3 points for each point Short term effects of exercise on the heart Short term effects of exercise on muscels Short term effects of exercise on the respiratory system 5minutes

Learning Intentions To fully understand the functions of the respiratory system Show understanding f the immediate and long-term effects of exercise on the respiratory system To apply new knowledge to exam questions

Respiratory System During Exercise During exercise the body needs to take in a sufficient supply of oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide produced by muscles Oxygen is breathed in and carbon dioxide is breathed out- Gaseous Exchange An efficient respiratory system allows more oxygen to reach the blood, which leads to our muscles Working very hard leads to the body needing more oxygen than it can get- Oxygen Debt

a) b) c) d) e) f) g)

The Respiratory System has two main functions To bring Oxygen into the body To take carbon dioxide out of the body

How the Respriorty System works We breath in through our nose & mouth-Inhaling. Air is warmed and moistened once it has been breathed in. Our intercostal muscles contract and lift the chest upwards and outwards & our diaphragm tightens. These actions allow our lungs to open and create a vacuum to allow oxygen in.

Air then passes through the trachea, then through the bronchia into the left and right lungs. It then passes through bronchioles which lead to millions of sacks called alveoli. The alveoli is surrounded by capillaries which carry oxygen via blood to our muscles. At the same time waste-rich blood releases carbon dioxide into the alveoli. It then takes the opposite journey out of the body.

Key Termanology Tidal Volume (TV) is the volume of air either inspired or expired per breath. This increases during exercise. Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) is the maximal volume inspired in addition to the tidal volume. This decreases during exercise.

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is the maximal volume expired in addition to the tidal volume. This decreases slighlty during exercise. Residual volume (RV) is the ammount of air left in the lungs aftrer maximal expiration. This slightly decreases after exercise. Total lung capaciy (TLC) is the vital capacity plus the residual volume and is the volume at the end of maximal inspiration. Vital Capacity (VC) is the maximum amount of air that can be forcible exhaled after maximal inspiration. This slightly decreases after exercise. Breathing rate (BR) increases due to the demands for more exercise.

Immediate/Short term effects of exercise on the Respiratory System Breathing quickens and deepens Strenuous exercise may lead in oxygen debt An efficient respiratory system aids the cardiovascular system

Long term effects of exercise on the Respiratory System After a sustained period of regular exercise the lungs become more efficient allowing a better delivery of oxygen to the muscles This means the body can cope better with the demands of exercise Carbon dioxide is removed quicker Vital Capacity is increased

Past Questions During a match a player builds up an oxygen debt. What is oxygen debt?(1) If a games player has built up oxygen debt will they have been working aerobically or anaerobically?(1) What by-product is associated with oxygen debt?(1) State TWO ways in which a performer could help remove this product?(2)