1914-1918: The World at War Causes of the Great War

Today’s Standard Essential Question 10.5 Students Analyze the causes of World War I 10.5.1 Analyze the causes for entering WWI presented bv leaders from all sides of the Great War, the role of political and economic rivalries, ethnic and ideological conflicts. What were the causes of WWI and who do you believe was responsible? Why? Essential Question

Differing Viewpoints “Family Feud” “Fall of the Eagles” “The War to End All Wars” “The War to ‘Make the World Safe for Democracy’”

The European Powder Keg The 4 M.A.I.N. causes of World War I Militarism Alliance System Imperialism Nationalism

1. The Alliance System Triple Entente: Triple Alliance:

Two Armed Camps! Allied Powers: Central Powers:

1879 The Dual Alliance Germany and Austria-Hungary made an alliance to protect themselves from Russia 1881 Austro-Serbian Alliance Austria-Hungary made an alliance with Serbia to stop Russia gaining control of Serbia 1882 The Triple Alliance  Germany and Austria- Hungary made an alliance with Italy to stop Italy from taking sides with Russia 1914 Triple Entente (no separate peace) Britain, Russia and France agreed not to sign for peace separately. 1894 Franco-Russian Alliance  Russia formed an alliance with France to protect herself against Germany and Austria-Hungary 1907 Triple Entente  This was made between Russia, France and Britain to counter the increasing threat from Germany. 1907 Anglo-Russian Entente This was an agreement between Britain and Russia 1904 Entente Cordiale This was an agreement, but not a formal alliance, between France and Britain.

Victor Emmanuel II [It] The Major Players: 1914-17 Allied Powers: Central Powers: Nicholas II [Rus] Wilhelm II [Ger] George V [Br] Victor Emmanuel II [It] Enver Pasha [Turkey] Pres. Poincare [Fr] Franz Josef [A-H]

Europe in 1914

1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures 2. Militarism & Arms Race Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br., Rus.] in millions of £s. 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1914 94 130 154 268 289 398 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures France 10% Britain 13% Russia 39% Germany 73%

3. Economic & Imperial Rivalries

4. Aggressive Nationalism

Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914 The “Powder Keg” of Europe

The “Spark”

Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

The Assassination: Sarajevo

The Assassin: Gavrilo Princip

All For You Sophia Lyrics Bang bang, Gavrilo Princip Bang bang, shoot me Gavrilo Bang bang, the first six are for you Bang bang, the seventh is for me Bang bang, Gavrilo Princip Bang bang, Europe's going to weep All for you, all for you, all for you, Sophia (x4) Bang bang, history's complete Bang bang, shoot me Gavrilo Bang bang, the first six are for you Bang bang, the seventh is for me Bang bang, Gavrilo Princip Bang bang, shoot me Gavrilo All for you, all for you, all for you, Sophia (x4) The Black Hand holds the gun The devil takes his run Urban, take the Appel Quay It's June the twenty-eighth The seventh was for me

Latin Bridge in Sarajevo

A plaque commemorating the location of the Sarajevo assassination and steps of Gavrilo Princip (image taken in 1987, before steps were removed in 1992 and plaque changed from Cyrillic to Latin script)