Aktualiausi klausimai Finansų rinkų politikos srityje

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Presentation transcript:

Aktualiausi klausimai Finansų rinkų politikos srityje Sigitas Mitkus VU EKF, 2016 m. spalio 3 d.

Kalbėsim Lietuvos finansų sektorius (iššūkiai, galimybės) Darbotvarkė 2016 – 2017 m. ES teisėkūros prioritetai Bankų sąjungos kūrimo aktualijos (BPF, EDIS) Crowdfunding Fintech Brexit

Lietuvos finansų sektorius (iššūkiai, galimybės) Kapitalo rinkos Vertybinių popierių biržos kapitalizacija Alternatyvių finansinių instrumentų stoka Instituciniai investuotojai neinvestuoja Lietuvoje Bankai sektorius nuo BVP mažiausias ES Turtas, paskolos, depozitai mažiausi B3 Draudimas Draudimo skvarba 1,66% ir tankis 204 EUR– vienas mažiausių ES (lenkiam tik BO ir RO) Sprendimai : Nacionaliniame lygyje ES lygyje

Aktualiausi 2016 m. klausimai Kapitalo rinkos CMU Kolektyvinio investavimo subjektų įstatymo pakeitimas (UCITS V) SVV finansavimo skatinimas Sutelktinis finansavimas Sekiuritizacija Finansų rinkų konferencija (2016-05-14), Fintech konferencija (2016-10-06) Kredito ir mokėjimo įstaigos Būsto paskolų reguliavimas (MCD) LB pareigos/funkcijos Mokėjimų įstatymo įgyvendinimas (PAD) Draudimas Draudimo įstatymo pakeitimas (IDD perkėlimas) Stojimas į OECD (17 rekomendacijų, klausimynai, derybos) Fintech industrijos plėtra

ES teisėkūra 2016 m. Priimti teisės aktai Draudimo platinimo direktyva (IDD) VP įsigijimo finansavimo sandorių reglamentas (SFT) Lyginamųjų indeksų reglamentas MiFID quick-fix Pasiektas sutarimas Taryboje Profesinių pensijų direktyva (IORP) (laukiama EP pozicijos) Sekiuritizacijos reglamentas (STS/CRR) (laukiama EP pozicijos) Pinigų rinkos fondų reglamentas (MMF) (derybos su EP) Prospekto reglamentas (laukiama EP pozicijos) Vyksta derybos Taryboje Europos indėlių draudimo sistemos reglamentas (EDIS) Vartotojų paramos programos reglamentas Pinigų plovimo ir teroristų finansavimo prevencijos direktyvos papildymas EuVECA/EuSEF reglamentų peržiūra Nauji pasiūlymai Bankų sąjungos stiprinimo priemonės (laukiama)

Aktualiausi 2017 m. klausimai Kapitalo rinkos CMU Finansinių priemonių rinkų įstatymas (MiFID, MAR, CSDR) Sekiuritizacija Investiciniai fondai Kiti klausimai Kredito ir mokėjimo įstaigos Kredito unijų reformos įgyvendinimas LB pareigos/funkcijos Mokėjimo paslaugų direktyvos įgyvendinimas (PSD2) Derybos dėl EDIS Bankų sąjungos stiprinimo priemonės Draudimas PRIPs reglamento įgyvendinimas (kartu su „Pareigų" projektu). Draudimo platinimo direktyva (IDD) Stojimas į OECD (17 rekomendacijų, klausimynai, derybos) Fintech industrijos plėtra

Bankų sąjugnos kūrimas ES 28 Euro zona Bankų Sąjunga Bendras priežiūros mechanizmas (SSM) Bendras pertvarkymo mechanizmas (SRM) Bendras taisyklių rinkinys (angl. Single rulebook) Kapitalo reikalavimai (CRD, CRR) Pertvarkymo sistema (BRRD) Indėlių garantijos (DGSD) EDIS The micro-prudential pillar at European level is formed by the European Banking Authority (EBA), the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) and the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA), which work together in the Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs). Macro-prudential oversight is performed by the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB).

Bendras pertvarkymo fondas (iki 2024 m. 55 mlrd. EUR) Bendras pertvarkymo fondas (iki 2024 m. 55 mlrd. EUR). LT skyrius - 31,8 mln. EUR, 2015 m. įmoka – 8 mln. eurų Mutualizuota dalis 2017 m. (pilkas skritulys – 60%) Pirmiausiai naudojama nacionalinio skyriaus dalis 2017 m. (išorinė dalis iki raudonos punktyrinės linijos – 60%) Metai Nac. Mut. 2016 100% 40% 2017 60% 2018 66,7% 2019 23,3% 73,4% 2020 26,6% 80,1% 2021 19,9% 86,8% 2022 13,2% 93,5% 2023 6,5%

IDF tikslinio lygio sukaupimas

Crowdfunding in the EU Regulation in 8 EUMS: FIN, PT (2016) AT, ESP , DE (2015), FR, UK (2014), ITA (2012) 3.26 bill. Eur (EU), 9.46 mlrd. (US) 510 platforms in the EU (80 % start ups) ○ 502 EU platforms (in 22 EUMS); ○ 8 non‐EU-platforms (owned by AU, CAN, CH, NZ, USA); 5 largest markets: UK (€2.0 billion, or 90 % of the EU), FR (€72.4 M), DE (€53.2 M), NL (€23.9 M) and ESP (€21.6 M). Cross-border crowdfunding – limited The growth is slowing down (161% (2014) , 84% (2015). 1-2 Platforms – 1 m population 1000 GDP per capita - 4 % increase in number of platforms COM on Crowdfunding: - Report on EUMS national regimes, best practice, trends - Proposals on how to develop crowdfunding across the EU

by funding type (Donations, Equity, Loans, Rewards) Crowdfunding in the EU by funding type (Donations, Equity, Loans, Rewards) 5 Platforms – 64 % of the EU market , 70 % in Lending MORE OR LESS EQUAL DISTRIBUTION : UK, FR, DE, NL, IT, AT, ESP MORE LOANS: PL, EE, FI, BE, UK DONATIONS: SK, EL, HR (100 %) MORE EQUITY: DE, BE, FI, SE (NO LOANS) REWARDS : DK (NO EQUITY), CZ, HU, CY, PT (100 %)

CF platforms in 2013-14 (7 MS have bespoke regimes on crowdfunding ) (Source: Crowdfunding: Mapping EU (Markets and Events Study) 6 7 5 7 143 7 58 16 6 65 4 5 8 6 77 2 1 2 33 42 1 1

Awareness (Source: Crowdfunding: Mapping EU (Markets and Events Study)

Crowdfunding in Lithuania P2P (VKĮ), 6 P2P platforms registered, 4 operate Crowdfunding (SFĮ) Crowdfunding based on Real estate (KSNTĮ) Special attention to investor‘s protection „Know your costumer“ rules, information requirements and risk warnings by platforms; due diligence; limits on maximum investable amounts; minimum capital requirements.

Crowdfunding. Risks/Challenges Investor/lender may: lose the money; won‘t be able to exit; won‘t have sufficient information about a project. Others: Conflict of interests between issuers, platforms and investors Diverging national regulatory regimes (obstacles to cross-border activities) Lack of secondary market Increase transparency about the project and it‘s owner Insolvency of the operators Security of client data Fraud and related reputational risk Institutional investors vs retail investors RECENT CASE (2015): Collapse of the Swedish P2P platform TrustBuddy in 2015.

Lithuania’s ambition Fintech Market size (in billions USD): 32.2 USD US, 9.9 EU, 6.67 CH. Triple growth since 2010 (CH, AU, NZ). UK annual growth 75 %) Ecosystem: talent, policy, capital, demand Areas: - Banking, payments; - Credit and lending - Insurance - Retail investments and pensions - Investment management, wholesale banking and capital markets Idea of “Sandbox” Lithuania’s ambition

BREXIT. UK/EU City of London: 12 % UK GDP Corp. Banking (US 18%, UK 20%, DE 4%, FR 7%, JPN 3%) Investment Management Asset M (US 57, UK 6, DE, 3, FR3, JPN 5) Private Eq. (US 66, UK 9, DE 1, FR 3, JPN 1) Hedge funds (US 67, UK 10, DE 1, FR 1, JPN 5) Insurance Insurance Marine (US 6, UK 29, DE 4, FR 3, JPN 5) Reinsurance (US 17, UK 16, DE 24, FR 2, JPN 7) Impact : UK GDP 2,7% , EU GDP 0,2-0,4 % Political: Blocking minority (35%). Liberal block (CZ,NL, SVK, IRL, NB6) + DE (UK in 41%, UK out 33%).

Brexit. Leading countries