The Enlightenment Spreads

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Presentation transcript:

The Enlightenment Spreads Chapter 22, Section 3

Representative Composers Baroque Music Representative Composers Johann Sebastian Bach George Friedrich Handel

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Representative Works cantatas chorales organ works lute music chamber music canons and fugues Famous piece: “Jesu Joy of Man’s Desiring”

George Frederick Handel (1685-1759) Representative Works 42 operas 29 oratorios 120 cantatas, trios, duets numerous arias chamber music Most famous work: “Hallelujah Chorus”.

Representative Composers Classical Music Representative Composers Joseph Haydn Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Ludwig van Beethoven

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) Representative works 23 operas numerous symphonies “Toy Symphony” concertos “Flute concerto no. 2 in D Major, K 314” piano music chamber music sacred music masses

Ludwig van Beethoven Representative Works Symphonies (5th and 9th probably the most famous) Piano music “Fur Elise” Vocal music Operas Choral music

Enlightened Despots Frederick II (the Great) of Prussia Joseph II of Austria Catherine II (the Great) of Russia

Frederick II (the Great) of Prussia Ruled Prussia from 1740 to 1786; granted religious freedoms, reduced censorship, improved education

Joseph II of Austria Religion Joseph II had the most progressive policy of religion toleration in all of Europe. He granted toleration toward Jews as well as Protestants. The Arts He was known as the “musical king.” He was a huge patron of composers. He is featured prominently in the movie Amadeus, the fictionalized biography of Mozart.

Catherine the Great Ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796; put in place limited reforms; vastly enlarged the Russian empire