The Scientific Method https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NuMmGrRgiC8

August 31: BELL RINGER Write the following definition into your Interactive Notebook, then copy & complete the statement below. Qualitative Data- description of nature using words Quantitative Data- description of nature using numbers “The plant grew 4 inches with 2 oz. of water each day” is an example of __________________ data. (qualitative or quantitative)

Question- Observe a problem or situation in the world and form a question. “I wonder what would happen if…”

Hypothesis Research to make an educated prediction that answers the question “If... Then…”

Experiment Test the hypothesis by making a plan, conducting a test and record results

Make careful observations of the test and write down the results Observe and Record Make careful observations of the test and write down the results

Analyze/Form Conclusion Use information to draw conclusion about your hypothesis “I accept my Hypothesis because” “I reject my Hypothesis because” … Finding out your hypothesis was wrong is not a bad thing, it is getting rid of a possibility which takes you a step closer to the answer, alter your experiment and try again.

Share Results Explain your results in writing or in a presentation so that the new information can be shared will all of humanity

Method of Science https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtr4KX8dwuQe Science- process that uses observation and investigation to gain knowledge about events in nature Scientific Method- an organized set of investigation procedures used by scientists Hypothesis- educated prediction or testable question

Method of Science Experiment- organized procedure for testing hypothesis Control- Standard for comparison Constant- Factor that doesn’t vary in an experiment Independent Variable- Factor that is adjusted by the experiment (x-axis)

Method of Science Dependent Variable – Factor which value depends on the independent variable (Y-Axis) Scientific Law vs Scientific Theory Rule of Nature that sums Explanation based on experiments Up related observations - most logical explanation of event To describe a pattern in nature

Standards of Measurement https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q2L5_swAT5A International System of Units (SI)- Standard system of measurement used worldwide SI Base Units Quantity measured Units Symbol Length Meter m Mass Grams g Time Second S Electrical current Ampere A Temperature Kelvin K Amount of substance Mole mol Intensity of light Candela cd

Standards of Measurement Common SI Prefixes Prefix Symbol Multiplying Factor Kilo K 1,000 Deci d 0.1 centi c 0.01 milli m 0.001 micro  μ 0.000 001 Nano n 0.000 000 001

Standards of Measurements Length- distance between two points Volume- amount of space occupied by an object Mass- Amount of matter in an object Density- Mass per unit volume of a material Time- interval between two occurring events

Graphing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_J8QU1m0Ng

Graphing

Graphing

Graphing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p0quM2txQwg

Work on your graphs

Scientific Terms Observation vs Inference Observation- using one or more of your senses to identify or learn something Inference- conclusion formed from available information or evidence

Explanation vs Description Explanation - a statement or account that makes something clear. Tells why something is the way it is Description- summary of observations. Tells What something is

Qualitative vs Quantitative Qualitative Data- description of nature using words Example: this tree is green Quantitative Data- description of nature using numbers Example: this tree is 10 meters tall

Precision vs Accuracy Precision- how closely measurements are to each other and how carefully measurements were made Example: Each time I measure my height I am always 5’9: Accuracy- the degree to which the result of a measurement, calculation, or specification conforms to the correct value or a standard. Example: I am almost 6 feet- not accurate          I am exactly 5’9 ½” - accurate